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LPD(8)			    System Manager's Manual			LPD(8)

NAME
       lpd -- line printer spooler daemon

SYNOPSIS
       lpd [-cdlpsFW46]	[port#]

DESCRIPTION
       The  lpd	utility	is the line printer daemon (spool area handler)	and is
       normally	invoked	at boot	time from the rc(8) file.  It makes  a	single
       pass through the	printcap(5) file to find out about the existing	print-
       ers  and	 prints	any files left after a crash.  It then uses the	system
       calls listen(2) and accept(2) to	receive	requests to print files	in the
       queue, transfer files to	the spooling area, display the queue,  or  re-
       move jobs from the queue.  In each case,	it forks a child to handle the
       request so the parent can continue to listen for	more requests.

       Available options:

       -c      By  default,  if	 some remote host has a	connection error while
	       trying to send a	print request to lpd on	a local	host, lpd will
	       only send error message to  that	 remote	 host.	 The  -c  flag
	       causes  lpd  to	also  log  all	of those connection errors via
	       syslog(3).

       -d      Turn  on	 SO_DEBUG  on  the  Internet  listening	 socket	  (see
	       setsockopt(2)).

       -l      The  -l flag causes lpd to log valid requests received from the
	       network.	 This can be useful for	debugging purposes.

       -p      The -p flag is a	synonym	for the	-s flag.  It is	 being	depre-
	       cated, and may be removed in a future version of	lpd.

       -s      The -s (secure) flag causes lpd not to open an Internet listen-
	       ing  socket.   This  means that lpd will	not accept any connec-
	       tions from any remote hosts,  although  it  will	 still	accept
	       print requests from all local users.

       -F      By  default,  lpd  will	daemonize into the background.	The -F
	       flag causes lpd to remain in the	foreground.  Logging is	 still
	       performed with syslog(3).

       -W      By  default,  the lpd daemon will only accept connections which
	       originate from a	reserved-port (<1024) on the remote host.  The
	       -W flag causes lpd to accept connections	coming from any	 port.
	       This  is	 can be	useful when you	want to	accept print jobs from
	       certain implementations of lpr written for Windows.

       -4      Inet only.

       -6      Inet6 only.

       -46     Inet and	inet6 (default).

       port#   The  Internet  port  number  used  to  rendezvous  with	 other
	       processes is normally obtained with getservbyname(3) but	can be
	       changed with the	port# argument.

       Access control is provided by two means.	 First,	all requests must come
       from  one  of  the  machines  listed  in	 the  file /etc/hosts.equiv or
       /etc/hosts.lpd.	Second,	if the	rs  capability	is  specified  in  the
       printcap(5)  entry  for	the  printer being accessed, lpr requests will
       only be honored for those users with accounts on	the machine  with  the
       printer.

       The  file  minfree in each spool	directory contains the number of kilo-
       bytes to	leave free so that the line printer queue will not  completely
       fill  the disk.	The minfree file can be	edited with your favorite text
       editor.

       The daemon begins processing files after	it has	successfully  set  the
       lock  for exclusive access (described a bit later), and scans the spool
       directory for files beginning with cf.  Lines in	each cf	 file  specify
       files to	be printed or non-printing actions to be performed.  Each such
       line begins with	a key character	to specify what	to do with the remain-
       der of the line.

       J       Job  Name.   String  to	be  used for the job name on the burst
	       page.

       C       Classification.	String to be used for the classification  line
	       on the burst page.

       L       Literal.	  The line contains identification info	from the pass-
	       word file and causes the	banner page to be printed.

       T       Title.  String to be used as the	title for pr(1).

       H       Host Name.  Name	of the machine where lpr(1) was	invoked.

       P       Person.	Login name of the person who invoked lpr(1).  This  is
	       used to verify ownership	by lprm(1).

       M       Send mail to the	specified user when the	current	print job com-
	       pletes.

       f       Formatted  File.	 Name of a file	to print which is already for-
	       matted.

       l       Like ``f'' but passes control characters	and does not make page
	       breaks.

       p       Name of a file to print using pr(1) as a	filter.

       t       Troff File.  The	file contains troff(1)	(ports/textproc/groff)
	       output (cat phototypesetter commands).

       n       Ditroff	File.  The file	contains device	independent troff out-
	       put.

       r       DVI File.  The file contains Tex	l output DVI format from Stan-
	       ford.

       g       Graph File.  The	file contains data produced by plot(3).

       c       Cifplot File.  The file contains	data produced by cifplot.

       v       The file	contains a raster image.

       r       The file	contains text data with	FORTRAN	carriage control char-
	       acters.

       1       Troff Font R.  Name of the font file to use instead of the  de-
	       fault.

       2       Troff  Font I.  Name of the font	file to	use instead of the de-
	       fault.

       3       Troff Font B.  Name of the font file to use instead of the  de-
	       fault.

       4       Troff  Font S.  Name of the font	file to	use instead of the de-
	       fault.

       W       Width.  Changes the page	width (in characters)  used  by	 pr(1)
	       and the text filters.

       I       Indent.	 The  number of	characters to indent the output	by (in
	       ASCII).

       U       Unlink.	Name of	file to	remove upon completion of printing.

       N       File name.  The name of the file	which is being printed,	 or  a
	       blank  for  the	standard  input	 (when	lpr(1) is invoked in a
	       pipeline).

       Z       Locale.	String to be used as the locale	for pr(1).

       If a file cannot	be opened, a message will be logged via	syslog(3)  us-
       ing  the	 LOG_LPR facility.  The	lpd utility will try up	to 20 times to
       reopen a	file it	expects	to be there, after which it will skip the file
       to be printed.

       The lpd utility uses flock(2) to	provide	exclusive access to  the  lock
       file  and  to  prevent multiple daemons from becoming active simultane-
       ously.  If the daemon should be killed or die  unexpectedly,  the  lock
       file  need  not	be removed.  The lock file is kept in a	readable ASCII
       form and	contains two lines.  The first is the process id of the	daemon
       and the second is the control  file  name  of  the  current  job	 being
       printed.	  The  second line is updated to reflect the current status of
       lpd for the programs lpq(1) and lprm(1).

FILES
       /etc/printcap	     printer description file
       /var/spool/*	     spool directories
       /var/spool/*/minfree  minimum free space	to leave
       /dev/lp*		     line printer devices
       /var/run/printer	     socket for	local requests
       /etc/hosts.equiv	     lists machine names allowed printer access
       /etc/hosts.lpd	     lists machine names allowed printer  access,  but
			     not under same administrative control.

SEE ALSO
       lpq(1),	 lpr(1),   lprm(1),  setsockopt(2),  syslog(3),	 hosts.lpd(5),
       printcap(5), chkprintcap(8), lpc(8), pac(8)

       Ralph Campbell, 4.2 BSD Line Printer Spooler Manual.

HISTORY
       An lpd daemon appeared in Version 6 AT&T	UNIX.

FreeBSD	13.2			April 15, 2021				LPD(8)

NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | FILES | SEE ALSO | HISTORY

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