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HIER(7) 		Miscellaneous Information Manual		 HIER(7)

NAME
     hier - file system hierarchy

DESCRIPTION
     The following outline gives a quick tour through a representative directory
     hierarchy.

     /	    root
     /dev/  devices (4)
	    consolemain console, tty(4)
	    tty*   terminals, tty(4)
	    cat    phototypesetter cat(4)
	    rp*    disks, rp, hp(4)
	    rrp*   raw disks, rp, hp(4)
	    ...
     /bin/  utility programs, cf /usr/bin/ (1)
	    as	   assembler first pass, cf /usr/lib/as2
	    cc	   C compiler executive, cf /usr/lib/c[012]
	    ...
     /lib/  object libraries and other stuff, cf /usr/lib/
	    libc.a system calls, standard I/O, etc. (2,3,3S)
	    libm.a math routines (3M)
	    libplot.a
		   plotting routines, plot(3X)
	    ...
	    as2    second pass of as(1)
	    c[012] passes of cc(1)
	    ...
     /etc/  essential data and dangerous maintenance utilities
	    passwd password file, passwd(5)
	    group  group file, group(5)
	    motd   message of the day, login(1)
	    mtab   mounted file table, mtab(5)
	    dtab   device table for autoconfig(8)
	    ddate  dump history, dump(8)
	    ttys   properties of terminals, ttys(5)
	    getty  part of login, getty(8)
	    init   the father of all processes, init(8)
	    rc	   shell program to bring the system up
	    cron   the clock daemon, cron(8)
	    mount  mount(8)
	    wall   wall(8)
	    ...
     /tmp/  temporary files, usually on a fast device, cf /usr/tmp/
	    e*	   used by ed(1)
	    ctm*   used by cc(1)
	    ...
     /usr/  general-pupose directory, usually a mounted file system
	    adm/   administrative information
		   wtmp   login history, utmp(5)
		   messages
			  hardware error messages
		   tracct phototypesetter accounting, troff(1)
		   vpacct line printer accounting lpr(1)
     /usr /bin
	    utility programs, to keep /bin/ small
	    tmp/   temporaries, to keep /tmp/ small
		   stm*   used by sort(1)
		   raster used by plot(1)
	    dict/  word lists, etc.
		   words  principal word list, used by look(1)
		   spellhist
			  history file for spell(1)
	    games/
		   bj	  blackjack
		   hangman
		   quiz.k/what quiz(6) knows
			  index  category index
			  africa countries and capitals
			  ...
		   ...
	    include/
		   standard #include files
		   a.out.hobject file layout, a.out(5)
		   stdio.hstandard I/O, stdio(3)
		   math.h (3M)
		   ...
		   sys/   system-defined layouts
			  acct.h process accounts, acct(5)
			  buf.h  internal system buffers
			  ...
	    lib/   object libraries and stuff, to keep /lib/ small
		   lint[12]
			  subprocesses for lint(1)
		   libF77.a
			  Fortran runtime support
		   libI77.a
			  Fortran I/O
		   llib-lcdummy declarations for /lib/libc.a, used by lint(1)
		   llib-lmdummy declarations for /lib/libm.a
		   atrun  scheduler for at(1)
		   struct/passes of struct(1)
		   ...
		   tmac/  macros for troff(1)
			  tmac.anmacros for man(7)
			  tmac.s macros for ms(7)
			  ...
		   font/  fonts for troff(1)
			  R	 Times Roman
			  B	 Times Bold
			  ...
		   uucp/  programs and data for uucp(1)
			  L.sys  remote system names and numbers
			  uucico the real copy program
			  ...
		   units  conversion tables for units(1)
		   eign   list of English words to be ignored by ptx(1)
     /usr/     man/
	    volume 1 of this manual, man(1)
		   man0/  general
			  intro  introduction to volume 1, ms(7) format
			  template
				 template for manual page
		   man1/  chapter 1
			  as.1
			  at.1
			  ...
		   cat1/  preprinted pages for man1/
			  as.1
			  at.1
		   ...
	    spool/ delayed execution files
		   at/	  used by at(1)
		   lpd/   used by lpr(1)
			  lock	 present when line printer is active
			  cf*	 copy of file to be printed, if necessary
			  df*	 daemon control file, lpd(8)
			  tf*	 transient control file, while lpr is working
		   uucp/  work files and staging area for uucp(1)
			  LOGFILEsummary log
			  LOG.*  log file for one transaction
	    mail/  mailboxes for mail(1)
		   uid	  mail file for user uid
	    wd	   initial  working  directory	of  a  user, typically wd is the
		   user's login name
		   .profile
			  set environment for sh(1), environ(5)
		   calendar
			  user's datebook for calendar(1)
	    doc/   papers, mostly in volume 2 of this manual, typically in ms(7)
		   format
		   as/	  assembler manual
		   c	  C manual
		   ...
     /usr/     src/
	    source programs for utilities, etc.
		   cmd/   source of commands
			  as/	 assembler
				 makefile
					recipe for rebuilding the assembler
				 as1?.s source of pass1
			  ar.c	 source for ar(1)
			  ...
			  troff/ source for nroff and troff(1)
				 nmake	makefile for nroff
				 tmake	makefile for troff
				 font/	source for font tables, /usr/lib/font/
					ftR.c  Roman
					...
				 term/	terminal     characteristics	 tables,
					/usr/lib/term/
					tab300.c
					       DASI 300
					...
				 ...
		   sys/   system source
			  dev/	 device drivers
				 bio.c	common code
				 cat.c	cat(4)
				 dh.c	DH11, tty(4)
				 tty	tty(4)
				 ...
			  MACHINEID/
				 hardware-dependent code for machine MACHINEID
				 ioconf.c
					local device specifications
				 l.s	interrupt vectors
				 param.ctunable parameters
				 ...
			  sys/	 source for system proper
				 main.c
				 pipe.c
				 sysent.c
					system entry points
				 ...
			  stand/ source for standalone utilities
				 restor.c
				 libsa/
				 mtboot.s
			  bootstrap/
				 source for second-stage boot
				 boot.c
				 M.s
			  mdec/  source for device-dependent first-stage boot
				 hpuboot.s
				 rkuboot.s
				 ...
		   lib/c/ source for functions in /lib/libc.a
			  crt/	 C runtime support
				 ldiv.s division into a long
				 lmul.s multiplication to produce long
				 ...
			  csu/	 startup and wrapup routines needed with every C
				 program
				 crt0.s regular startup
				 mcrt0.smodified startup for cc -p
			  sys/	 system calls (2)
				 access.s
				 alarm.s
				 ...
			  stdio/ standard I/O functions (3S)
				 fgets.c
				 fopen.c
				 ...
			  gen/	 other functions in (3)
				 abs.c
				 atof.c
				 ...
			  compallshell procedure to compile libc
			  mklib  shell procedure to make /lib/libc.a
		   lib/libI77/
			  source for /usr/lib/libI77.a
		   lib/libF77/
		   ...
		   games/ source for /usr/games
SEE ALSO
     find(1), grep(1), ls(1), ncheck(8),
BUGS
     The position of files is subject to change without notice.

3rd Berkeley Distribution						 HIER(7)
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