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VN_FULLPATH(9) Kernel Developer's Manual VN_FULLPATH(9) NAME vn_fullpath -- convert a vnode reference to a full pathname, given a process context SYNOPSIS #include <sys/param.h> #include <sys/vnode.h> int vn_fullpath(struct vnode *vp, char **retbuf, char **freebuf); int vn_fullpath_jail(struct vnode *vp, char **retbuf, char **freebuf); int vn_fullpath_global(struct vnode *vp, char **retbuf, char **freebuf); int vn_fullpath_hardlink(struct vnode *vp, struct vnode *dvp, const char *hrdl_name, size_t hrdl_name_length, char **retbuf, char **freebuf, size_t *buflen); DESCRIPTION The vn_fullpath(), vn_fullpath_jail(), vn_fullpath_global() and vn_fullpath_hardlink() functions make a "best effort" attempt at gener- ating a string pathname for the passed vnode. They differ in which di- rectory the returned path is relative to, except for vn_fullpath_hardlink() which behaves like vn_fullpath() in this respect and is described at the end. The vn_fullpath() function returns a path relative to the root direc- tory of the process associated with the passed thread pointer. That root directory is either the system's or the thread's process' contain- ing jail's root directory, or some descendant directory of such estab- lished by some chroot(2) call. The vn_fullpath_jail() function returns a path relative to the passed thread's process' current jail's root, ignoring intervening chroot(2) calls possibly made inside that jail. The vn_fullpath_global() function returns the full path from the system root, ignoring all jail roots and chroot(2) calls. Paths that the kernel intends to communicate to the passed user thread should exclusively be obtained via vn_fullpath(). Paths obtained via vn_fullpath_jail() or vn_fullpath_global() are only useful for specific kernel checks or auditing purposes. All these functions are implemented by inspecting the VFS name cache, and attempting to reconstruct a path from the process root to the ob- ject. This process is necessarily unreliable for several reasons: in- termediate entries in the path may not be found in the cache; files may have more than one name (hard links), not all file systems use the name cache (specifically, most synthetic file systems do not); a single name may be used for more than one file (in the context of file systems cov- ering other file systems); a file may have no name (if deleted but still open or referenced). However, the resulting string may still be more useable to a user than a vnode pointer value, or a device number and inode number. Code consuming the results of this function should anticipate (and properly handle) failure. These functions take the following arguments: vp The vnode to search for. No need to be locked by the caller. retbuf Pointer to a char * that may be set (on success) to point at a newly allocated buffer containing the resulting pathname. freebuf Pointer to a char * that may be set (on success) to point at a buffer to be freed, when the caller is done with retbuf. Typical consumers will declare two character pointers: fullpath and freepath; they will set freepath to NULL, and fullpath to a name to use in the event that the call to vn_fullpath() fails. After done with the value of fullpath, the caller will check if freepath is non-NULL, and if so, invoke free(9) with a pool type of M_TEMP. The vn_fullpath_hardlink() function is a convenience wrapper which au- tomatically appends the hardlink name passed via arguments hrdl_name and hrdl_name_length to the result of calling vn_fullpath() on the vn- ode's parent directory. It requires the results of a prior call to namei(9) with flag WANTPARENT to be passed in the vp and dvp arguments. Argument buflen must point to a valid storage containing the size of the desired buffer, which will be reduced to MAXPATHLEN if in excess of it. RETURN VALUES If the vnode is successfully converted to a pathname, 0 is returned; otherwise, an error number is returned. SEE ALSO free(9) AUTHORS This manual page was initally written by Robert Watson <rwatson@FreeBSD.org> to describe the vn_fullpath() function. The de- scriptions of the other related functions were added by Olivier Certner <olce@FreeBSD.org>. FreeBSD 15.0 September 29, 2025 VN_FULLPATH(9)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUES | SEE ALSO | AUTHORS
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