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STRTOL(3) Library Functions Manual STRTOL(3) NAME strtol, strtoll, strtoimax, strtoq -- convert a string value to a long, long long, intmax_t or quad_t integer LIBRARY Standard C Library (libc, -lc) SYNOPSIS #include <stdlib.h> #include <limits.h> long strtol(const char * restrict nptr, char ** restrict endptr, int base); long long strtoll(const char * restrict nptr, char ** restrict endptr, int base); #include <inttypes.h> intmax_t strtoimax(const char * restrict nptr, char ** restrict endptr, int base); #include <sys/types.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <limits.h> quad_t strtoq(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base); DESCRIPTION The strtol() function converts the string in nptr to a long value. The strtoll() function converts the string in nptr to a long long value. The strtoimax() function converts the string in nptr to an intmax_t value. The strtoq() function converts the string in nptr to a quad_t value. The con- version is done according to the given base, which must be between 2 and 36 inclusive, or be the special value 0. The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space (as determined by isspace(3)) followed by a single optional `+' or `-' sign. If base is zero or 16, the string may then include a "0b" prefix, and the number will be read in base 2; or it may include a "0x" prefix, and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise, a zero base is taken as 10 (decimal) unless the next character is `0', in which case it is taken as 8 (octal). The remainder of the string is converted to a long, long long, intmax_t or quad_t value in the obvious manner, stopping at the first character which is not a valid digit in the given base. (In bases above 10, the letter `A' in either upper or lower case represents 10, `B' represents 11, and so forth, with `Z' representing 35.) If endptr is not NULL, strtol() stores the address of the first invalid character in *endptr. If there were no digits at all, however, strtol() stores the original value of nptr in *endptr. (Thus, if *nptr is not `\0' but **endptr is `\0' on return, the entire string was valid.) RETURN VALUES The strtol(), strtoll(), strtoimax() and strtoq() functions return the re- sult of the conversion, unless the value would underflow or overflow. If no conversion could be performed, 0 is returned and the global variable errno is set to EINVAL (the last feature is not portable across all plat- forms). If an overflow or underflow occurs, errno is set to ERANGE and the function return value is clamped according to the following table. Function underflow overflow strtol() LONG_MIN LONG_MAX strtoll() LLONG_MIN LLONG_MAX strtoimax() INTMAX_MIN INTMAX_MAX strtoq() LLONG_MIN LLONG_MAX ERRORS [EINVAL] The value of base is not supported or no conversion could be performed (the last feature is not portable across all platforms). [ERANGE] The given string was out of range; the value converted has been clamped. SEE ALSO atof(3), atoi(3), atol(3), strtod(3), strtonum(3), strtoul(3), wcstol(3) STANDARDS The strtol() function conforms to ISO/IEC 9899:1990 ("ISO C90"). The str- toll() and strtoimax() functions conform to ISO/IEC 9899:1999 ("ISO C99"). The BSD strtoq() function is deprecated. FreeBSD ports 15.quarterly August 21, 2023 STRTOL(3)
NAME | LIBRARY | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUES | ERRORS | SEE ALSO | STANDARDS
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