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FSDB(8) 		     System Manager's Manual			 FSDB(8)

NAME
     fsdb -- FFS debugging/editing tool

SYNOPSIS
     fsdb [-d] [-f] [-r] fsname

DESCRIPTION
     Fsdb  opens  fsname  (usually a raw disk partition) and runs a command loop
     allowing manipulation of the file system's inode data.  You are prompted to
     enter a command with fsdb (inum X)> where X is the  currently  selected  i-
     number.  The initial selected inode is the root of the filesystem (i-number
     2).   The	command  processor  uses the editline(3) library, so you can use
     command line editing to reduce typing if desired.	When you exit  the  com-
     mand  loop,  the  file  system  superblock is marked dirty and any buffered
     blocks are written to the file system.

     The following options are available:

     -d      Enable additional debugging  output  (which  comes  primarily  from
	     fsck(8)-derived code).

     -f      Left for historical reasons and has no meaning.

     -r      Open the filesystem read/only, and disables all commands that would
	     write to it.

COMMANDS
     Besides the built-in editline(3) commands, fsdb supports these commands:

     help    Print out the list of accepted commands.

     inode i-number
	     Select inode i-number as the new current inode.

     back    Revert to the previously current inode.

     clri i-number
	     Clear i-number.

     lookup name
     cd name
	     Find  name  in the current directory and make its inode the current
	     inode.  Name may be a multi-component name or may begin with  slash
	     to indicate that the root inode should be used to start the lookup.
	     If  some  component along the pathname is not found, the last valid
	     directory encountered is left as the active inode.  This command is
	     valid only if the starting inode is a directory.

     active
     print   Print out the active inode.

     blocks  Print out the block list of the active inode.  Note that the print-
	     out can become long for  large  files,  since  all  indirect  block
	     pointers will also be printed.
     uplink  Increment the active inode's link count.

     downlink
	     Decrement the active inode's link count.

     linkcount number
	     Set the active inode's link count to number.

     ls      List  the current inode's directory entries.  This command is valid
	     only if the current inode is a directory.

     rm name
     del name
	     Remove the entry name from the current directory inode.  This  com-
	     mand is valid only if the current inode is a directory.

     ln ino name
	     Create  a	link to inode ino under the name name in the current di-
	     rectory inode.  This command is valid only if the current inode  is
	     a directory.

     chinum dirslot inum
	     Change the i-number in directory entry dirslot to inum.

     chname dirslot name
	     Change  the  name in directory entry dirslot to name.  This command
	     cannot expand a directory entry.  You can only rename an  entry  if
	     the name will fit into the existing directory slot.

     chtype type
	     Change  the type of the current inode to type.  Type may be one of:
	     file, dir, socket, or fifo.

     chmod mode
	     Change the mode bits of the current  inode  to  mode.   You  cannot
	     change the file type with this subcommand; use chtype to do that.

     chflags flags
	     Change the file flags of the current inode to flags.

     chown uid
	     Change the owner of the current inode to uid.

     chgrp gid
	     Change the group of the current inode to gid.

     chgen gen
	     Change the generation number of the current inode to gen.

     mtime time
     ctime time
     atime time
	     Change  the  modification, change, or access time (respectively) on
	     the  current  inode  to  time.   Time  should  be	in  the   format
	     YYYYMMDDHHMMSS[.nsec] where nsec is an optional nanosecond specifi-
	     cation.  If no nanoseconds are specified, the mtimensec, ctimensec,
	     or atimensec field will be set to zero.

     quit, q, exit, <EOF>
	     Exit the program.

SEE ALSO
     editline(3), fs(5), clri(8), fsck(8)

BUGS
     Manipulation  of  ``short'' symlinks doesn't work (in particular, don't try
     changing a symlink's type).

     You must specify modes as numbers rather than symbolic names.

     There are a bunch of other things that you might  want  to  do  which  fsdb
     doesn't implement.

HISTORY
     Fsdb  uses the source code for fsck(8) to implement most of the file system
     manipulation code.  The remainder of fsdb first appeared in NetBSD, written
     by John T. Kohl.

     Peter Wemm ported it to FreeBSD.

WARNING
     Use this tool with extreme caution--you can damage an FFS file  system  be-
     yond what fsck(8) can repair.

FreeBSD 4.7		       September 14, 1995			 FSDB(8)
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