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std::chrono::duration(3) C++ Standard Libary std::chrono::duration(3) NAME std::chrono::duration - std::chrono::duration Synopsis Defined in header <chrono> template< class Rep, (since C++11) class Period = std::ratio<1> > class duration; Class template std::chrono::duration represents a time interval. It consists of a count of ticks of type Rep and a tick period, where the tick period is a compile-time rational fraction representing the time in seconds from one tick to the next. The only data stored in a duration is a tick count of type Rep. If Rep is floating point, then the duration can represent fractions of ticks. Period is included as part of the duration's type, and is only used when converting be- tween different durations. Member types Member type Definition rep Rep, an arithmetic type representing the number of ticks Period (until C++17) period typename Period::type (since C++17), a std::ratio representing the tick period (i.e. the number of second's fractions per tick) Member functions constructor constructs new duration (public member function) operator= assigns the contents (public member function) count returns the count of ticks (public member function) zero returns the special duration value zero [static] (public static member function) min returns the special duration value min [static] (public static member function) max returns the special duration value max [static] (public static member function) operator+ implements unary + and unary - operator- (public member function) operator++ operator++(int) increments or decrements the tick count operator-- (public member function) operator--(int) operator+= operator-= implements compound assignment between two durations operator*= (public member function) operator/= operator%= Non-member functions operator+ operator- implements arithmetic operations with durations as operator* arguments operator/ (function template) operator% (C++11) operator== operator!= operator< operator<= operator> operator>= operator<=> compares two durations (C++11) (function template) (C++11)(removed in C++20) (C++11) (C++11) (C++11) (C++11) (C++20) duration_cast converts a duration to another, with a different tick (C++11) interval (function template) floor(std::chrono::duration) converts a duration to another, round- ing down (C++17) (function template) ceil(std::chrono::duration) converts a duration to another, round- ing up (C++17) (function template) round(std::chrono::duration) converts a duration to another, round- ing to nearest, (C++17) ties to even (function template) abs(std::chrono::duration) obtains the absolute value of the dura- tion (C++17) (function template) operator<< performs stream output on a duration (C++20) (function template) from_stream parses a duration from a stream accord- ing to the (C++20) provided format (function template) Helper types Type Definition std::chrono::nanoseconds duration</*signed integer type of at least 64 bits*/, std::nano> std::chrono::microseconds duration</*signed integer type of at least 55 bits*/, std::micro> std::chrono::milliseconds duration</*signed integer type of at least 45 bits*/, std::milli> std::chrono::seconds duration</*signed integer type of at least 35 bits*/> std::chrono::minutes duration</*signed integer type of at least 29 bits*/, std::ratio<60>> std::chrono::hours duration</*signed integer type of at least 23 bits*/, std::ratio<3600>> std::chrono::days (since C++20) duration</*signed integer type of at least 25 bits*/, std::ratio<86400>> std::chrono::weeks (since C++20) duration</*signed integer type of at least 22 bits*/, std::ratio<604800>> std::chrono::months (since C++20) duration</*signed integer type of at least 20 bits*/, std::ratio<2629746>> std::chrono::years (since C++20) duration</*signed integer type of at least 17 bits*/, std::ratio<31556952>> Note: each of the predefined duration types up to hours covers a range of at least 292 years. Each of the predefined duration types days, weeks, months and years covers a range of at least 40000 years. years is equal to 365.2425 (since C++20) days (the average length of a Gregorian year). months is equal to 30.436875 days (exactly 1/12 of years). Helper classes std::common_type<std::chrono::duration> specializes the std::com- mon_type trait (C++11) (class template specializa- tion) treat_as_floating_point indicates that a duration is convertible to (C++11) duration with different tick period (class template) duration_values constructs zero, min, and max values of a (C++11) tick count of given type (class template) specialization of std::for- matter that std::formatter<std::chrono::duration> formats a duration according to the provided (C++20) format (class template specializa- tion) Literals Defined in inline namespace std::literals::chrono_literals operator""h A std::chrono::duration literal representing hours (C++14) (function) operator""min A std::chrono::duration literal representing minutes (C++14) (function) operator""s A std::chrono::duration literal representing seconds (C++14) (function) operator""ms A std::chrono::duration literal representing millisec- onds (C++14) (function) operator""us A std::chrono::duration literal representing microsec- onds (C++14) (function) operator""ns A std::chrono::duration literal representing nanosec- onds (C++14) (function) Note: the literal suffixes d and y do not refer to days and years but (since C++20) to day and year, respectively. Feature-test macro: __cpp_lib_chrono_udls (for user defined liter- als) Notes The actual time interval (in seconds) that is held by a duration ob- ject d is roughly equal to d.count() * D::period::num / D::period::den, where D is of type chrono::duration<> and d is an object of such type. Example This example shows how to define several custom duration types and convert between types: // Run this code #include <iostream> #include <chrono> using namespace std::chrono_literals; template<typename T1, typename T2> using mul = std::ratio_multiply<T1, T2>; int main() { using shakes = std::chrono::duration<int, mul<std::deca, std::nano>>; using jiffies = std::chrono::duration<int, std::centi>; using microfortnights = std::chrono::duration<float, mul<mul<std::ratio<2>, std::chrono::weeks::period>, std::mi- cro>>; using nanocenturies = std::chrono::duration<float, mul<mul<std::hecto, std::chrono::years::period>, std::nano>>; using fps_24 = std::chrono::duration<double, std::ratio<1,24>>; std::cout << "1 second is:\n"; // integer scale conversion with no precision loss: no cast std::cout << std::chrono::microseconds(1s).count() << " microsec- onds\n" << shakes(1s).count() << " shakes\n" << jiffies(1s).count() << " jiffies\n"; // integer scale conversion with precision loss: requires a cast std::cout << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::min- utes>(1s).count() << " minutes\n"; // floating-point scale conversion: no cast std::cout << microfortnights(1s).count() << " microfortnights\n" << nanocenturies(1s).count() << " nanocenturies\n" << fps_24(1s).count() << " frames at 24fps\n"; } Output: 1 second is: 1000000 microseconds 100000000 shakes 100 jiffies 0 minutes 0.82672 microfortnights 0.316887 nanocenturies 24 frames at 24fps http://cppreference.com 2022.07.31 std::chrono::duration(3)
NAME | Synopsis | Member types | Member functions | Non-member functions | Helper types | Helper classes | Literals | Notes | Example | Output:
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