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R(1) FSF R(1) NAME R - a language for data analysis and graphics SYNOPSIS R [options] [< infile] [> outfile] R CMD command [arguments] DESCRIPTION Start R, a system for statistical computation and graphics, with the speci- fied options, or invoke an R tool via the 'R CMD' interface. R is a language which bears a passing resemblance to the S language devel- oped at AT&T Bell Laboratories. It provides support for a variety of sta- tistical and graphical analyses. R is a true computer language which con- tains a number of control-flow constructions for iteration and alternation. It allows users to add additional functionality by defining new functions. On systems which have the GNU readline(3) library, R will maintain a com- mand history, so that commands can be recalled, edited and re-executed. OPTIONS Most options control what happens at the beginning and at the end of an R session, in particular which files are being read and written, and how much memory is reserved for the R process. -h, --help Print short help message and exit --version Print version info and exit --encoding=ENC Specify encoding to be used for stdin --encoding ENC RHOME Print path to R home directory and exit --save Do save workspace at the end of the session --no-save Don't save it --no-environ Don't read the site and user environment files --no-site-file Don't read the site-wide Rprofile --no-init-file Don't read the user R profile --restore Do restore previously saved objects at startup --no-restore-data Don't restore previously saved objects --no-restore-history Don't restore the R history file --no-restore Don't restore anything --vanilla Combine --no-save, --no-restore, --no-site-file, --no-init-file and --no-environ --no-readline Don't use readline for command-line editing --max-connections=N Set max number of connections to N --max-ppsize=N Set max size of protect stack to N --min-nsize=N Set min number of fixed size obj's ("cons cells") to N --min-vsize=N Set vector heap minimum to N bytes; '4M' = 4 MegaB -q, --quiet Don't print startup message --silent Same as --quiet -s, --no-echo Make R run as quietly as possible --interactive Force an interactive session --verbose Print more information about progress -d, --debugger=NAME Run R through debugger NAME --debugger-args=ARGS Pass ARGS as arguments to the debugger -g TYPE, --gui=TYPE Use TYPE as GUI; possible values are 'X11' (default) and 'Tk'. --arch=NAME Specify a sub-architecture --args Skip the rest of the command line -f FILE, --file=FILE Take input from 'FILE' -e EXPR Execute 'EXPR' and exit FILE may contain spaces but not shell metacharacters. Commands: BATCH Run R in batch mode COMPILE Compile files for use with R SHLIB Build shared library for dynamic loading INSTALL Install add-on packages REMOVE Remove add-on packages build Build add-on packages check Check add-on packages LINK Front-end for creating executable programs Rprof Post-process R profiling files Rdconv Convert Rd format to various other formats Rd2pdf Convert Rd format to PDF Rd2txt Convert Rd format to pretty text Stangle Extract S/R code from Sweave documentation Sweave Process Sweave documentation Rdiff Diff R output ignoring headers etc config Obtain configuration information about R javareconf Update the Java configuration variables rtags Create Emacs-style tag files from C, R, and Rd files Please use 'R CMD command --help' to obtain further information about the usage of 'command'. Options --arch, --no-environ, --no-init-file, --no-site-file and --vanilla can be placed between R and CMD, to apply to R processes run by 'command' REPORTING BUGS Report bugs at <https://bugs.R-project.org>. COPYRIGHT Copyright (C) 2026 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing Platform: amd64-portbld-freebsd15.0 R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. You are welcome to redistribute it under the terms of the GNU General Public License ver- sions 2 or 3. For more information about these matters see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/. SEE ALSO The full documentation for R is provided by a collection of Texinfo manuals and individual help for R objects which is also available on-line. Start R and type ?topic at the R prompt to obtain on-line information for `topic'. If the processed manuals have been installed they will be available as DVI and/or PDF files in the doc/manual subdirectory of the documentation direc- tory tree (default `R RHOME`). If the info program and the R manuals are installed on your system, typing info -f R-intro, info -f R-data, info -f R-exts, info -f R-FAQ, info -f R- lang and info -f R-ints should give you access to ``An Introduction to R'' (the basic manual), the ``R Data Import/Export'' Guide, the ``R Extension Writer's Guide'', the ``R FAQ'', the ``The R Language Definition'', and the ``R Internals''. R 4.5.3 June 2026 R(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | REPORTING BUGS | COPYRIGHT | SEE ALSO
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