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DSTAR2TGBA(1) User Commands DSTAR2TGBA(1) NAME dstar2tgba - convert automata into BA1/4chi automata SYNOPSIS dstar2tgba [OPTION...] [FILENAME[/COL]...] DESCRIPTION Convert automata with any acceptance condition into variants of BA1/4chi automata. This reads automata into any supported format (HOA, LBTT, ltl2dstar, never claim) and outputs a Transition-based Generalized BA1/4chi Automata in GraphViz's format by default. Each supplied file may contain multiple au- tomata. Input: -F, --file=FILENAME process the automaton in FILENAME --trust-hoa=BOOL If false, properties listed in HOA files are ignored, unless they can be easily verified. If true (the default) any supported prop- erty is trusted. Output automaton type: -b, --buchi, --Buchi automaton with BA1/4chi acceptance -B, --sba, --ba state-based BA1/4chi Automaton (same as -S -b) --cobuchi, --coBuchi automaton with co-BA1/4chi acceptance (will recognize a superset of the input language if not co-BA1/4chi realizable) -C, --complete output a complete automaton -G, --generic any acceptance condition is allowed -M, --monitor Monitor (accepts all finite prefixes of the given property) -p, --colored-parity[=any|min|max|odd|even|min odd|min even|max odd|max even] colored automaton with parity acceptance -P, --parity[=any|min|max|odd|even|min odd|min even|max odd|max even] automaton with parity acceptance -S, --state-based-acceptance, --sbacc define the acceptance using states --tgba, --gba automaton with Generalized BA1/4chi acceptance (default) Output format: -8, --utf8 enable UTF-8 characters in output (ignored with --lbtt or --spin) --check[=PROP] test for the additional property PROP and output the result in the HOA format (implies -H). PROP may be some prefix of 'all' (de- fault), 'unambiguous', 'stutter-invariant', 'stutter-sensitive-exam- ple', 'semi-determinism', or 'strength'. -d, --dot[=1|a|A|b|B|c|C(COLOR)|e|E|f(FONT)|h|i(ID)|k|K|n|N|o|r|R|s|t|u|v| y|+INT|<INT|#] GraphViz's format. Add letters for (1) force numbered states, (a) show acceptance condition (default), (A) hide acceptance condition, (b) acceptance sets as bullets, (B) bullets except for BA1/4chi/co-BA1/4chi automata, (c) force circular nodes, (C) color nodes with COLOR, (d) show origins when known, (e) force elliptic nodes, (E) force rEctangular nodes, (f(FONT)) use FONT, (g) hide edge labels, (h) horizontal layout, (i) or (i(GRAPHID)) add IDs, (k) use state labels when possible, (K) use transition labels (default), (n) show name, (N) hide name, (o) ordered transitions, (r) rainbow colors for acceptance sets, (R) color acceptance sets by Inf/Fin, (s) with SCCs, (t) force transition-based acceptance, (u) hide true states, (v) vertical layout, (y) split universal edges by color, (+INT) add INT to all set numbers, (<INT) display at most INT states, (#) show internal edge numbers -H, --hoaf[=1.1|b|i|k|l|m|s|t|v] Output the automaton in HOA format (default). Add letters to select (1.1) version 1.1 of the format, (b) create an alias basis if >=2 AP are used, (i) use implicit labels for complete deterministic au- tomata, (s) prefer state-based acceptance when possible [default], (t) force transition-based acceptance, (m) mix state and transi- tion-based acceptance, (k) use state labels when possible, (l) sin- gle-line output, (v) verbose properties --lbtt[=t] LBTT's format (add =t to force transition-based acceptance even on BA1/4chi automata) --name=FORMAT set the name of the output automaton -o, --output=FORMAT send output to a file named FORMAT instead of standard output. The first automaton sent to a file truncates it unless FORMAT starts with '>>'. -q, --quiet suppress all normal output -s, --spin[=6|c] Spin neverclaim (implies --ba). Add letters to select (6) Spin's 6.2.4 style, (c) comments on states --stats=FORMAT, --format=FORMAT output statistics about the automaton Any FORMAT string may use the following interpreted sequences (capitals for input, minuscules for output): %% a single % %< the part of the line before the automaton if it comes from a column extracted from a CSV file %> the part of the line after the automaton if it comes from a column extracted from a CSV file %A, %a number of acceptance sets %C, %c, %[LETTERS]C, %[LETTERS]c number of SCCs; you may filter the SCCs to count using the following LETTERS, possibly concatenated: (a) accepting, (r) rejecting, (c) complete, (v) trivial, (t) terminal, (w) weak, (iw) inherently weak. Use uppercase letters to negate them. %D, %d 1 if the automaton is deterministic, 0 otherwise %E, %e, %[LETTER]E, %[LETTER]e number of edges (add one LETTER to select (r) reachable [default], (u) unreachable, (a) all). %F name of the input file %G, %g, %[LETTERS]G, %[LETTERS]g acceptance condition (in HOA syntax); add brackets to print an ac- ceptance name instead and LETTERS to tweak the format: (0) no para- meters, (a) accentuated, (b) abbreviated, (d) style used in dot out- put, (g) no generalized parameter, (l) recognize Street-like and Ra- bin-like, (m) no main parameter, (p) no parity parameter, (o) name unknown acceptance as 'other', (s) shorthand for 'lo0'. %H, %h the automaton in HOA format on a single line (use %[opt]H or %[opt]h to specify additional options as in --hoa=opt) %L location in the input file %l serial number of the output automaton (0-based) %M, %m name of the automaton %N, %n number of nondeterministic states %P, %p 1 if the automaton is complete, 0 otherwise %r wall-clock time elapsed in seconds (excluding parsing) %R, %[LETTERS]R CPU time (excluding parsing), in seconds; add LETTERS to restrict to (u) user time, (s) system time, (p) parent process, or (c) children processes. %S, %s, %[LETTER]S, %[LETTER]s number of states (add one LETTER to select (r) reachable [default], (u) unreachable, (a) all). %T, %t, %[LETTER]T, %[LETTER]t number of transitions (add one LETTER to select (r) reachable [default], (u) unreachable, (a) all). %U, %u, %[LETTER]U, %[LETTER]u 1 if the automaton contains some universal branching (or a number of [s]tates or [e]dges with universal branching) %W, %w one word accepted by the automaton %X, %x, %[LETTERS]X, %[LETTERS]x number of atomic propositions declared in the automaton; add LET- TERS to list atomic propositions with (n) no quoting, (s) occasional double-quotes with C-style escape, (d) double-quotes with C-style escape, (c) double-quotes with CSV-style escape, (p) between paren- theses, any extra non-alphanumeric character will be used to sepa- rate propositions Simplification goal: -a, --any no preference, do not bother making it small or deterministic -D, --deterministic prefer deterministic automata (combine with --generic to be sure to obtain a deterministic automaton) --small prefer small automata (default) Simplification level: --high all available optimizations (slow, default) --low minimal optimizations (fast) --medium moderate optimizations Miscellaneous options: -x, --extra-options=OPTS fine-tuning options (see spot-x (7)) --help print this help --version print program version Mandatory or optional arguments to long options are also mandatory or op- tional for any corresponding short options. HISTORY dstar2tgba was introduced in Spot 1.2 as a command that reads automata in ltl2dstar's format, and converts them into TGBA. At this time it was the only command-line tool being able to read automata. In Spot 1.99.1 the autfilt command was introduced, but could only read au- tomata in the HOA format, or in lbtt's format, or as never claims. So dstar2tgba was still the only way to process automata in ltl2dstar's for- mat. In Spot 1.99.4 the parser for ltl2dstar's format was finally merged with the parser used by autfilt for reading the other format. This implies not only that autfilt can now read ltl2dstar's format, but also that dstar2tgba can read the other formats as well. Nowadays, the command % dstar2tgba some files can be used as a shorthand for % autfilt --tgba --high --small some files The name dstar2tgba is kept for backward compatibility and because it is used in at least one published paper, but naming this tool aut2tgba would make more sense. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. The ltl2dstarmanual. Documents the output format of ltl2dstar. 2. Christof LA<paragraph>ding: Mehods for the Transformation of I-Au- tomata: Complexity and Connection to Second Order Logic. Diploma Thesis. University of Kiel. 1998. Describes various tranformations from non-deterministic Rabin and Streett automata to BA1/4chi automata. Slightly optimized variants of these transformations are used by dstar2tgba for the general cases. 3. Sriram C. Krishnan, Anuj Puri, and Robert K. Brayton: Deterministic I-automata vis-a-vis Deterministic BA1/4chi Automata. ISAAC'94. Explains how to preserve the determinism of Rabin and Streett au- tomata when the property can be repreted by a Deterministic automa- ton. dstar2tgba implements this for the Rabin case only. In other words, translating a deterministic Rabin automaton with dstar2tgba will produce a deterministic TGBA or BA if such a automaton exists. 4. Souheib Baarir and Alexandre Duret-Lutz: Mechanizing the minimiza- tion of deterministic generalized BA1/4chi automata. Proceedings of FORTE'14. LNCS 8461. Explains the SAT-based minimization techniques that can be used (on request only) by dstar2tgba to minimize deterministic BA1/4chi au- tomata. 5. Souheib Baarir and Alexandre Duret-Lutz: SAT-based minimization of deterministic I-automata. Proceedings of LPAR'15 (a.k.a LPAR-20). LNCS 9450. Extends the previous paper by allowing arbitrary acceptance condi- tions. REPORTING BUGS Report bugs to <spot@lrde.epita.fr>. COPYRIGHT Copyright (C) 2025 by the Spot authors, see the AUTHORS File for details. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/li- censes/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. SEE ALSO spot-x(7), autfilt(1) dstar2tgba (spot) 2.14.5 January 2026 DSTAR2TGBA(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | HISTORY | BIBLIOGRAPHY | REPORTING BUGS | COPYRIGHT | SEE ALSO
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