FORW(1) General Commands Manual FORW(1) NAME forw - forward nmh messages SYNOPSIS forw [-help] [-version] [+folder] [msgs] [-annotate | -noannotate] [-form formfile] [-format | -noformat] [-filter filterfile] [-inplace | -noinplace] [-mime | -nomime] [-draftfolder +folder] [-draftmessage msg] [-nodraftfolder] [-editor editor] [-noedit] [-width columns] [-from address] [-to address] [-cc address] [-fcc +folder] [-subject text] [-whatnowproc program] [-nowhatnowproc] [-dashstuffing | -nodashstuffing] [-build] [-file msgfile] forw [-help] [-version] [+folder] [msgs] [-digest list] [-issue number] [-volume number] [other switches for forw] DESCRIPTION forw constructs a new message from a forms (components) file, with a body composed of the message(s) to be forwarded. An editor is invoked and, af- ter editing is complete, the user is prompted before the message is sent. The default message template will direct forw to construct the draft as follows: From: {from switch} or <Local-Mailbox> or <username@hostname> To: {to switch} or blank Fcc: {fcc switch} or +outbox Subject: {subject switch} or "{original subject} (fwd)" -------- If a file named "forwcomps" exists in the user's nmh directory, it will be used instead of this default form. You may also specify an alternate forms file with the switch -form formfile. Forms are processed via the nmh tem- plate system; see mh-format(5) for details. Components from the first for- warded message are available as standard component escapes in the forms file. In addition to the standard mh-format escapes, the following component es- capes are also supported: Escape Returns Description fcc string Any folders specified with `-fcc folder' nmh-from string Addresses specified with `-from address' nmh-to string Addresses specified with `-to address' nmh-cc string Addresses specified with `-cc address' nmh-subject string Any text specified with `-subject text' By default, the "To:" and "cc:" fields are empty. You may add addresses to these fields with the -to address and -cc address switches. You may give these switches multiple times to add multiple addresses. By default, the "From:" field contains either the value of the Local-Mail- box profile entry, or a system default email address. This default can be overridden by using the -from address switch. The default mailbox in the "Fcc:" field is +outbox. This can be overridden by the -fcc switch. Any text given to the -subject switch will be placed in the "Subject:" field in the draft. If the draft already exists, forw will ask you as to the disposition of the draft. A reply of quit will abort forw, leaving the draft intact; replace will replace the existing draft with a blank skeleton; and list will dis- play the draft. If the -annotate switch is given, each message being forwarded will be an- notated with the lines: Forwarded: date Forwarded: addrs where each address list contains as many lines as required. This annota- tion will be done only if the message is sent directly from forw. If the message is not sent immediately from forw, "comp -use" may be used to re- edit and send the constructed message, but the annotations won't take place. Normally, annotations are done in place in order to preserve any links to the message. You may change this by using the -noinplace switch. See comp(1) for a description of the -editor and -noedit switches. Although forw uses a forms (components) file to construct the initial draft, a message filter file is used to format each forwarded message in the body of the draft. The filter file for forw should be a standard form file for mhl(1), as forw will invoke mhl to filter (re-format) the for- warded messages prior to being output to the body of the draft. The switches -noformat, -format, and -filter filterfile specify which mes- sage filter file to use. If -noformat is specified (this is the default), then each forwarded message is output into the draft exactly as it appears, with no mhl filtering. If -format is specified, then the following default message filter file, "mhl.forward", which should be adequate for most users, is used: ; mhl.forward ; ; default message filter for `forw' (forw -format) ; width=80,overflowtext=,overflowoffset=10 leftadjust,compress,compwidth=9 Date:formatfield="%<(nodate{text})%{text}%|%(tws{text})%>" From: To: cc: Subject: : body:nocomponent,overflowoffset=0,noleftadjust,nocompress If a file named "mhl.forward" exists in the user's nmh directory, it will be used instead. You may specify an alternate message filter file with the switch -filter filterfile. Each forwarded message is separated with an encapsulation delimiter. By default, any dashes in the first column of the forwarded messages will be prepended with `- ' so that when received, the message is suitable for bursting by burst(1). This follows the guidelines in RFC 934. You may use the -nodashstuffing switch to suppress this form of quoting. Users of prompter(1) can, by specifying prompter's -prepend switch in the .mh_profile file, prepend any commentary text before the forwarded mes- sages. To use the MIME rules for encapsulation, specify the -mime switch. This directs forw to generate an mhbuild composition file. Note that, with the default nmh configuration, forw will not invoke mhbuild automatically; you must specifically give the command What now? mime prior to sending the draft. Alternatively, to have forw invoke mhbuild au- tomatically, first, add mhbuild-next: $EDITOR to your profile, as described in the mhbuild man page. Second, add -editor mhbuild to your forw -mime invocation. The -draftfolder +folder and -draftmessage msg switches invoke the nmh draft folder facility. This is an advanced (and highly useful) feature. Consult mh-draft(5) for more information. The -editor editor switch indicates the editor to use for the initial edit. Upon exiting from the editor, comp will invoke the whatnow program. See whatnow(1) for a discussion of available options. The invocation of this program can be inhibited by using the -nowhatnowproc switch. (In fact, it is the whatnow program which starts the initial edit. Hence, -nowhatnow- proc will prevent any edit from occurring.) The -build switch is intended to be used by the Emacs mh-e interface to nmh. It implies -nowhatnowproc. It causes a file <mh-dir>/draft to be created, containing the draft message that would normally be presented to the user for editing. No mail is actually sent. The -file msgfile switch specifies the message to be forwarded as an exact filename rather than as an nmh folder and message number. This switch im- plies -noannotate. The forwarded message is simply copied verbatim into the draft; the processing implied by the -filter, -mime, and -digest switches is bypassed, and the usual leading and trailing 'Forwarded Mes- sage' delimiters are not added. The same caveats apply to this option as to the -build switch. The -digest list, -issue number, and -volume number switches implement a digest facility for nmh. Specifying these switches enables and/or over- loads the following escapes: Type Escape Returns Description component digest string Argument to `-digest' function cur integer Argument to `-volume' function msg integer Argument to `-issue' FILES forw looks for format and filter files in multiple locations: absolute pathnames are accessed directly, tilde expansion is done on usernames, and files are searched for in the user's Mail directory as specified in their profile. If not found there, the directory "/usr/local/etc/nmh" is checked. /usr/local/etc/nmh/forwcomps The default message skeleton. <mh-dir>/forwcomps The user's message skeleton. /usr/local/etc/nmh/digestcomps The default message skeleton if -digest is given. <mh-dir>/digestcomps The user's -digest skeleton. ^/usr/local/etc/nmh/mhl.forward The default message filter. <mh-dir>/mhl.forward The user's message filter. ^$HOME/.mh_profile The user's profile. PROFILE COMPONENTS Path: To determine the user's nmh directory. Current-Folder: To find the default current folder. Draft-Folder: To specify the default draftfolder. Editor: To override the default editor. Msg-Protect: To set mode when creating a new message (draft). fileproc: Program to refile the message. mhlproc: Program to filter messages being forwarded. whatnowproc: Program to ask the "What now?" questions. SEE ALSO burst(1), comp(1), mh-draft(5), mh-format(5), mhbuild(1), mhl(1), prompter(1), repl(1), send(1), whatnow(1) Proposed Standard for Message Encapsulation (RFC 934) DEFAULTS +folder The current folder. msgs The current message. -noannotate -nodraftfolder -noformat -inplace -dashstuffing -nomime CONTEXT If a folder is given, it will become the current folder. The first message forwarded will become the current message. BUGS If whatnowproc is whatnow, then forw uses a built-in whatnow, it does not actually run the whatnow program. Hence, if you define your own whatnow- proc, don't call it whatnow since forw won't run it. When forw is told to annotate the messages it forwards, it doesn't actually annotate them until the draft is successfully sent. If, from the whatnow- proc, you push instead of send, it is possible to confuse forw by re-order- ing the file (e.g. by using "folder -pack") before the message is success- fully sent. dist and repl don't have this problem. nmh-1.8+dev 2025-01-14 FORW(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | FILES | PROFILE COMPONENTS | SEE ALSO | DEFAULTS | CONTEXT | BUGS
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