HF(1) General Commands Manual HF(1) NAME hf, ef, nf, pf - address to name filters SYNOPSIS hf [-1abcdilN] [-f format] [-R qps] [-t secs] [file ...] hf -x [file ...] ef [-d] [file ...] nf [-di] [file ...] pf [-d] [file ...] DESCRIPTION These filters reads the named files (or from stdin if there are none) and replace occurrences of a particular kind of address to the corresponding name: hf - converts raw internet addresses to hostnames. ef - converts ethernet addresses to hostnames. nf - converts network addresses to names. pf - converts square bracketed port numbers to names. OPTIONS Options common to all programs: -d Print some debugging infomation to stderr before exiting. When used more than once, also dump the internal hash table. Options specific to hf: -1 Attempt to convert only the first address on a line. -a Use asynchronous DNS lookups. -b Prints both the hostname and the ip address (the latter in parenthe- ses). This is a shortcut for -f "%h(%i)". -c Checks the names against ip addresses; that is, the hostname the ad- dress resolves to must resolve back to the address or else the ad- dress is not converted to a hostname. -f Specify a format string containing escapes to be used to create the replacement text. The escapes are as follows: %h - hostname (%D, %N, %l or even %i) %D - local domain truncated hostname %N - domain truncated hostname %l - long hostname (FQDN) %i - ip address %% - % Unrecognized escapes expand to the character without the percent. It's acceptable to use specific escapes more than once. Specifying an empty format resets it to the default ("%h"). -i Force converted names to be all lowercase. -l By default, hf strips the domain part of hostnames in the local do- main. The -l flag suppresses this stripping. -N Strips the entire domain of all hostnames. -R Specify a maximum rate in queries per second. By default queries are limited to 1000/sec. This can be disabled by specifying a rate of 0. -t Specify a timeout (in seconds) for name and address lookups. By de- fault, timeouts are left up to the resolver routines. -x Instead of replacing ip addresses with names, just output the raw ip addresses, one per line. When the flag is used more than once, the cidr width is included with the ip address in the output. For exam- ple 203.0.113.0/24. No other flags are allowed (or would even make sense). Options specific to nf: -i Force converted names to be all lowercase. -b Prints both the hostname and the ip address (the latter in parenthe- ses). -p Pad network addresses to four octets. SEE ALSO gethostbyaddr(3), ether_aton(3), getnetbyaddr(3), getservbyport(3) BUGS If a port number has different tcp and udp names, pf will favor the tcp name. 4th Berkeley Distribution September, 15 2020 HF(1)
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