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HXAVI(1) User Commands HXAVI(1) NAME hxavi - A binary editor for vi and Vim users SYNOPSIS hxavi [-a] [-b] [+[address]] filename DESCRIPTION 1.ABOUT Hexvi is a binary editor which shows binary files as dumplist of hexa- decimal numbers, and user can edit binary files. As commands about cursor movements are almost similar to vi(1) or vim(1), it is easy to remember. It must be hard to use if you don't have any experience of vi or vim. 2.OVERVIEW 2.1.System of the editor It displays the contents of file using hexadecimal numbers and cor- responding characters. Users can scroll this dumplist, and move cursor freely on it, change, delete and insert the contents. 2.2.Available environments It works on the terminals which have more than or equal to 80 columns, but only for the envrironments of UTF-8. 2.3.Similarities and differences with vi The command specifications are as similar as possible to vi and vim. In particular, the cursor movement, which has a large impact on the user experience, is the same as vi commands, so you should be able to operate it almost immediately. But the units which are important when using vi, like sentence, word, secton have no meaning for binary editor because the object treating in binary editor is usually not text files. There are no commands to process these units. There are some operations for the line on the screen on the other hand. 3.TERMINOLOGY Next notations are used in the explanetions about commands from here. - Space key ................................. <spc> - Tab key ................................... <tab> - Shift+Tab key ............................. <shift+tab> - Enter key ................................. <ent> - Escape key ................................ <esc> - Backspace key ............................. <bs> - Insert key ................................ <ins> - Delete key ................................ <del> - Home key .................................. <home> - End key ................................... <end> - PageUp key ................................ <pgup> - PageDown key .............................. <pgdn> - Arrow keys ................................ <left>,<right>, <up>,<down> - Press A with Control key .................. ^A - Omissible parts ........................... [ ] - Separator of similar commands ............. | - Separator of opposit commands ............. / 4.START AND QUIT 4.1.How to start hxavi ... (1) hxavi filename ... (2) hxavi +[address] filename ... (3) hxavi -a [+[address]] filename ... (4) hxavi -b [+[address]] filename ... (5) In the startup method (1), the explanation of the startup method (usage) and the version of the program are displayed, and the pro- gram ends. In (2), the dump list from the beginning of the specified file is displayed on the initial screen, and the command input wait state is displayed. This is the normal startup method. You cannot specify multiple files. In (3), the cursor will be moved to the position specified by ad- dress when the specified file is first opened. If you omit address and specify only "+", the cursor will be moved to the end of the file. Address can be a hexadecimal or decimal number. For details on how to write it, see Section 7.1. The "-a" option (4) enables alternate screen if your terminal soft- ware supports it. As a result, when the hxavi command finishes, the terminal display returns to the state it was in before it was started. The "-b" option (5) is used when opening a large file that exceeds the memory size. Because mmap(2) is used to read and write the file, it can be used without slowing down the operation, but it also imposes restrictions on editing. For details, see Section 7.8. 4.2.How to end You can use ZZ|ZQ|:q<ent>|:q!<ent>|:wq [newname]<ent>|:wq! [new- name]<ent>. The details will be described later, but it works in the same way as vim. 5.DESIGN OF SCREEN When you start it, the following screen will be displayed. The top two lines are an area that displays information about the entire file, the lines below that are an area for dumping the file contents, a line beow that is a command input line, and a line below that is message display line. Depeiding on the option settings, a decimal interpretation of the currently displayed data may be displayed below that. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ReadOnly NotSaved Modified [-b] [-rwxr-xr-x] [sym-> 3] [2025-11-12 18:01:38] 000001B3CF2/0000036255F, 50%,.......1785074/.......3548511 ,U+00008D <COMMAND> | +0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9 +A +B +C +D +E +F |0123456789ABCDEF 000001B3CE0| C7 E8 8A 48 FE FF 48 8B 05 33 C7 1B 00 48 8B 40 |...H..H..3...H.@ 000001B3CF0| 38 48 8D 70 FF FF FF 48 3B 01 75 0E 48 8B BD 70 |8H.p...H;.u.H..p 000001B3D00| FF FF FF 89 DE E8 45 51 FE FF E8 70 18 FE FF 85 |......EQ...p.... 000001B3D10| C0 74 4C 48 8B 05 05 C7 1B 00 48 8B 70 38 8B 58 |.tLH......H.p8.X 000001B3D20| 40 48 8B 3D 97 C1 1B 00 BA 01 00 00 00 E8 DD 91 |@H.=............ 000001B3D30| FD FF 48 8B 0D 86 C1 1B 00 8B 49 24 8D 51 FE 83 |..H.......I$.Q.. :(omit) 000001B3E80| 08 48 8B 3D 97 C5 1B 00 48 83 C7 38 E8 CE 50 FE |.H.=....H..8..P. 000001B3E90| FF 83 F8 FF 0F 84 7F FD FF FF 8D 43 FF 85 DB 89 |...........C.... 000001B3EA0| C3 0F 8F 58 FF FF FF E9 6D FD FF FF 48 8B 05 6C |...X....m...H..l 000001B3EB0| C5 1B 00 4C 8B B5 38 FF FF FF 41 0F 10 06 0F 11 |...L..8...A..... (Command input line) (Message display line) U08 [ 141] U32 [ 4294930573] <Little Endian> S08 [-115] S32 [ -36723] F32[nan ] U16[ 28813] U64[ 88744882012647565] D64[+9.946970177023031e-303] S16[ 28813] S64[ 88744882012647565] L80[+2.0933824499565909030e-3820] BIT[0 000111001110101] [0.000000100111011010010001111111111111111111111110111000010001101] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.1.File information display area The first line shows the file status, whether the "-b" option is used, the file permissions, number of file links, and modification time. Depending on the status of the file, the status of "Read- Only", "NotSaved", "Modified" will be displayed. If the file is a symbolic link or if the hard link is 2 or more, it may affect other files, so the number of links is highlighted to alert you. The next line always shows the address / file length of the current cursor position in hexadecimal and decimal. If the data at the cursor position can be interpreted in Unicode, the code number will be displayed. At the beginning of the next line, it shows whether the current edit mode is <COMMAND> / <REPLACE> / <INSERT>. 5.2.File content display area It consists of a one-line address gauge and a dump list display area below it. The left 11 digits indicate the address, and the data is displayed in hexadecimal in the center accordingly. In ad- dition, there is a display field by character when the data is re- garded as a character code at the right end. In the character dis- play field, you can change the character code to be recognized with the ': set encoding ='option described later. 5.3.Command input line,Message display line The command input line is one line below the dump list display area. Here, it is used to input commands with parameters. One line below that is the message display line. Used to display warn- ings and messages from the editor. 5.4.Display in decimal Display the data content at the cursor position in decimal. It shows the decimal value when interpreted as a 1 to 8 byte signed or unsigned integer, and a 4 to 10 byte floating point number. 5.5.Help screen The ':help' command described later temporarily changes the entire screen to the command help screen. Scroll with 'j'/'k', and type 'q'|'<esc>' to return to the original screen. 5.6.Manual Screen The ':man' command, which will be described later, allows you to view the same information as in the manual that can be viewed with man(1). You can scroll using 'j'/'k' etc., and type 'q' to return to the original screen. Requires the less(1) command to work. 5.7.Colormap Screen You can view the 256-color color map using the ':cmap' command de- scribed below. You can scroll using 'j'/'k' etc., and type 'q' to return to the original screen. Requires the less(1) command to work. 6.COMMANDS This section describes the commands that can be used with hxavi. Of the following commands, those with a '*' at the beginning of the de- scription have different names and functions from the commands vi(1), vim(1). 6.1.Command for screen scrolling, moving cursor A group of commands that control the data display range and cursor position, and does not affect the data contents of the buffer. (command)(explanation) h|H|<bs>|<left> Move the cursor one byte to the left. l|<spc>|<right> Move the cursor one byte to the right. k|^P|<up> Move the cursor one line up to the same column. j|^N|<down> Move the cursor down one line to the same column. 0|^ Move the cursor to the position of the data at the left end of the line. $ Move the cursor to the position of the data at the right end of the line. fHH ("HH" is a 2-digit hexadecimal number) Search forward for HH in the line and move to that loca- tion if found. FHH ("HH" is a 2-digit hexadecimal number) Search backward for HH in the line and move to that loca- tion if found. tHH ("HH" is a 2-digit hexadecimal number) Search forward for HH in the line, and if found, move to just before that location. THH ("HH" is a 2-digit hexadecimal number) Search backward for HH in the line, and if found, move to just after that location. ; Repeated search within the line. +|<ent> Move the cursor to the beginning of the next line. - Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous line. H|<home> Move the cursor to the home position (upper left corner). M Move the cursor to the left edge of the center line. L Move the cursor to the left edge of the bottom line of the screen. <end> Move the cursor to the right edge of the bottom line of the screen. zt Moves the line where the cursor is to the top edge. zz Moves the line where the cursor is to the center. zb Moves the line where the cursor is to the bottom edge. z<ent> Moves the line where the cursor is to the top edge, and the cursor moves to the left edge. z. Moves the line where the cursor is to the center, and the cursor moves to the left edge. z- Moves the line where the cursor is to the bottom edge, and the cursor moves to the left edge. ^Y/^E Scroll one line up (towards the smaller address) / down (towards the larger address). ^U/^D Scroll up (towards the smaller address) / down (toward the larger address) by half a page. ^B|<pgup> Display the previous page. ^F|<pgdn> Display the next page. gg Move the cursor to the top left edge of file. G Move the cursor to the bottom left edge of the file. :go <destination address><ent> or :<destination address><ent> Move the cursor to the address indicated by <destina- tion>(Hexadecimal|Decimal|Octal|Binary). Please refer to 7.1 for how to write address. /{pattern}<ent> Searches the data specified in pattern (7.5. Later) for- ward (in the direction of the large address). The pat- tern can be either an even number of hexadecimal digits, or a string of text begining with a '"' (double quote). Do not enclose the pattern with another '/'. /<ent> Repeat the forward search with the previously specified pattern. ?{pattern}<ent> Searches the data specified by pattern backward (in the direction of the small address). ?<ent> Repeat the backward search with the previously specified pattern. /:{decimalnumber}<ent> Specify a decimal number to search forward for data with that value. Data type can be selected with <tab>,<shift+tab>. /:{decimalmin},{decimalmax}<ent> Given two decimal numbers, search forward for data be- tween the two values. When searching by specifying float- ing point numbers, it is better to specify a range using two values, as there is a conversion error between binary and decimal numbers, and it is difficult to match them with one value. ?:{decimalnumber}<ent> Specify a decimal number to search backward for data with that value. Data type can be selected with <tab>,<shift+tab>. ?:{decimalmin},{decimalmax}<ent> Given two decimal numbers, search backward for data be- tween the two values. When searching by specifying float- ing point numbers, it is better to specify a range using two values, as there is a conversion error between binary and decimal numbers, and it is difficult to match them with one value. n Repeated the last search (in the same direction). N Repeat the last search (reverse direction). mx (x is one of a-z) Give the cursor position the name x. 'x Jumps to the location of name x and move to the far left. `x Jump to the location of name x. The following is a summary of the movements of the main commands. ^ ^Y ^ ^U | ^B|<pgup> +---------------^----------|----------|--------------+ | H|<home><-- | | k|^P | | - <-- ^ | | 0|^ <-- <bs>|^H|h <-X-> l|<spc> ->$ | | +|<ent> <-- v | | j|^N | | M <-- | | | | -->:g address<ent> | | | | | | | | L <-- --> <end> | +---------------v----------|----------|--------------+ ^E v ^D | ^F|<pgdn> v 6.2.Command to change the contents of the buffer This is a rewrite operation for the data buffer. (commands)(explanation) i|<ins> Enter insert mode. The mode display changes to <INSERT>. The commands available in it are: (commands)(explanation) ! * Display the help screen in the mode. Press the'<esc>' or 'q'keys to return to the original screen. 0-9|a-f|A-F Enter the hexadecimal value. "{string}<ent> * Insert the character string entered in "string" as data. :{decimalnumber}<ent> * Interprets the decimal number entered with "deci- malnumber" and inserts it as data. You can select which data type (integer/floating point number, with/without sign, data length) to interpret the entered decimal number with <tab> or <shift+tab>. <tab> and <shift+tab> can be used even while entering a numerical value. (The first character is a colon':'.) #{binarynumber}<ent> * Interprets the binary number entered with "bina- rynumber" and inserts it as data. You can select which data type (integer/floating point number, with/without sign, data length) to interpret the entered binary number with <tab> or <shift+tab>. :set decimalview must be set. h|^H|<bs> Cancellation, retreat. ^L * Redisplay the screen. <esc> Exit the mode. I Move to the beginning of the line and enter insert mode. a Move one byte ahead of the cursor to enter insert mode. A Move to the end of the line and enter insert mode. o Move to the beginning of the next line and enter insert mode. O Move to the beginning of the line and enter insert mode. R Enter overwrite mode. The mode display changes to <REPLACE>. The commands available in it are: (commands)(explanation) ! * Display the help screen in the mode. Press the'<esc>' or 'q'keys to return to the original screen. 0-9|a-f|A-F Enter the hexadecimal value. "{string}<ent> * Insert the character string entered in "string" as data. :{decimalnumber}<ent> * Interprets the decimal number entered with "deci- malnumber" and inserts it as data. You can select which data type (integer/floating point number, with/without sign, data length) to interpret the entered decimal number with <tab> or <shift+tab>. <tab> and <shift+tab> can be used even while entering a numerical value. (The first character is a colon':'.) #{binarynumber}<ent> * Interprets the binary number entered with "bina- rynumber" and inserts it as data. You can select which data type (integer/floating point number, with/without sign, data length) to interpret the entered binary number with <tab> or <shift+tab>. :set decimalview must be set. h|^H|<bs> Cancellation, retreat. ^L * Redisplay the screen. <esc> Exit the mode. x|<del> Deletes 1 byte at the cursor position. X Deletes the 1 byte before the cursor position. rHH Set 1 byte of data at the cursor position to HH. y{motion} Copy the data from the current position to the location you move with motion. yy|Y Copy the current line of data. d{motion} Deletes the data from the current position to the loca- tion moved by motion. dd Delete the current line of data. D Delete the data from the cursor position to the end of the line. p Insert the copied or deleted data just after the cursor position. P Insert the copied or deleted data just before the cursor position. . Repeat the last editing command. :i {start address},{end address},{destination address}<ent> * Copy the data from {start address} to {end address} and insert it into {destination address}. {Destination ad- dress} must be outside {start address} to {end address}. The range includes {start address} but not includes {end address}. Refer to 7.1 and 7.3. Below for how to enter the address. :d {start address},{end address}<ent> * Delete the data from the start address to the end ad- dress. The specified range includes {start address} but not includes {end address}. For the input method of the address, refer to 7.1 and 7.3. u For commands that change the contents of the buffer, undo the changes. There is no limit to the number of times. ^R For commands that change the contents of the buffer, redo the retroactive changes with undo. There is no limit to the number of times. 6.3.Commands for saving file and / or quitting (commands)(explanation) ZZ Exit the editor. Export only if the file has been modi- fied. ZQ Exit the editor without exporting. :w [{altname}]<ent> Export to a file. The editor will continue editing. If altname is specified, export to altname instead of the original file. :w! [{altname}]<ent> Force export to a file. The editor will continue editing. :q<ent> Cancel edit + Exit editor. If there is a change in the file, it will only give a warning to that effect and will not exit. :q!<ent> Cancel edit + Exit editor. Exit without checking for file changes. Same as ZQ. :wq [{altname}]<ent> Export to file + end. If export fails, it will not end. :wq! [{altname}]<ent> Export to file + Finish. 6.4.Other commands (commands)(explanation) ^L Redraw the screen. ^G Displays the name of the file being edited. ={formula}<ent> * Calculates a formula and displays the result. Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and remainder cal- culation of integers (hexadecimal, decimal, octal, bi- nary) can be performed. Parentheses can also be used. See 7.3 for how to write integers. :!{command}<ent> Start a shell and execute command. Enter the <ent> key etc. to return to the original screen. :bytemap<ent> * Switch the screen to display the data in a graphical bytemap view. The commands available in it are: (commads)(explanation) ^F/^B|^D/^U|^E/^Y|j/k|^N/^P|<pgdn>|<pgup>|<down>|<up> Scroll the display. +/- Increases / decreases the number of bytes dis- played on one line. (/) Rotate the data column displayed in one row to the left / right. <tab>/<shift+tab> Switch between the following modes. -Mode to display 0x00 as a blue dots -Mode to display 0x01-0x1f with a light blue dots -Mode to display 0x20-0x7f with a red dots -Mode to display 0x80-0xff with black dots ^L Redisplay the screen. q|<esc> Exits the bytemap view and returns to the dump screen. g Exits the bytemap view and returns to the dump screen, jumping to the address in the top left of the view. :bitmap<ent> * Switch the screen to display the data in a graphical bitmap view. The commands available in it are: (commads)(explanation) ^F/^B|^D/^U|^E/^Y|j/k|^N/^P|<pgdn>|<pgup> Scroll the display. +/- Increases / decreases the number of bytes dis- played on one line. (/) Rotate the data column displayed in one row to the left / right. </> If the number of bytes displayed on one line exceeds the width of the screen, the screen is shifted left or right. zt/zz/zb Moves the line with the cursor to the top / center / bottom line z<ent>/z./z- Moves the line where the cursor is to the top / center / bottom line, and the cursor moves to the left end. j/k|h/l|H/M/L|0/$|^H|<bs>|<left>|<right>|<down>|<up> Move the cursor. U Flip the image upside down. W Inverts the black and white of the image. s/r Set / reset 1-bit data at the cursor location. u Undo 1-bit set, reset. ^R Redo 1-bit set, reset. ^L Redraw the screen. q|<esc> Exit the bitmap view and jump to the address where the cursor is currently displaying. :cmap<ent> * Displays a sample of the 256 colors that can be used in the editor. The color number of each color shown here can be used with the ':set color' commoand or in the ~/.hx- avirc file. The 256 ANSI standard colors that are thought to be available on most terminals these days are sorted in the HSV color space rather than the usual RGB, so it should be easy to find the color you're looking for. Less(1) is used for display, so you can search for num- bers. Exit the display with 'q' or ':q'. :file [{newname}]<ent> Rename the file to newname. This name will be used when saving the file from now on. If newname is not specified, the current file name will be displayed (same as ^ G). :help<ent> * Switch the screen to display the list of commands. Scroll by typing'j','k', and return to the original screen by typing the'q'key. :histogram<ent> * Switch the screen and display the distribution of data values (0x00 to 0xff) in a graphical histogram. The com- mands that can be used in it are as follows. (commands)(explanation) h/l Moves the histogram left/right. j/k Enlarges/reduces the vertical axis. q|<esc> Ends the histogram display. :logo<ent> * Displays the logo and version of this program. :man<ent> * Displays the online manual for this program. It uses less(1) for display, so you can search for txt. Exit with q or :q. :set<ent> or :set all<ent> Shows a list of current values for options that can be specified with ":set". :set ambiwidth[=(single|double)]<ent> Among UTF-8 characters, characters whose width is ambigu- ous are displayed in half-width/full-width. Double is ap- propriate when using in Japanese. If the parameter is omitted, the current setting value Is displayed. :set biblen[=N]<ent> * Specifies the cursor Blinking Interval in milliseconds on the Bitmap displayed by the: bi[tmap] command. :set bidlen[=N]<ent> * Specifies the cursor Blinking Interval in milliseconds on the Dump screen. :set bytes[=N]<ent> * Change the number of bytes displayed on one line of the dump list to N bytes. The minimum value is 4. If you omit the parameter, the number of bytes in the current dump list is displayed. :set cmdenter[=commands]<ent> * Sepcify the command you want to execute when you enter the command line. it is intended to control IME. :set cmdleave[=commands]<ent> * Specify the command to be executed when exiting the com- mand line. It is intended to control IME. :set color<ent> * This shows the current settings for the editor's color usage. Colors are used in bitmap, bytemap, histogram, logo, marks on dumplist, and search highlights. If the terminal has color capabilities, it shows the color swatches for each color directly. :set color {place} {part}=N<ent> * Updates the editor color setting to N. The following list shows where {place} and {part} can be used. bitmap scale :Bitmap scale color bitmap data :Bitmap data color bytemap scale :Bytemap scale color bytemap zero :Bytemap data color at 0x00 bytemap ctrl :Bytemap color at 0x01-0x1F,0x7F bytemap ascii :Bytemap color at 0x20-0x7E bytemap high :Bytemap color at 0x80-0xFF histogram scale :Histogram scale color histogram data :Histogram data color logo letter :Logo text color logo cat :Logo cat color dump mark :Mark color added with the mx comand search hl :Search highlihgt color N specifies the color number of one of the 256 ANSI stan- dard colors. Each {place} {part} can be abbreviated as long as it remains distinct. For example, ":set color bytemap scale=23" can be effectively enterd as ":s co by s=23" However, since you cannnot use the :cmap color sample while entering the settings, this interface can be diffi- cult to use. Therefore, it is better to enter the set- tings in ~/.hxavirc with a text editor while viewing the colors in :cmap. :set [no]decimalview<ent> * The numerical value obtained by interpreting the data at the cursor position in multiple data formats and data length is displayed in decimal. Display types are 8-bit unsigned integer(U08), signed in- teger(S08), 16-bit unsigned integer(U16), signed inte- ger(S16), 32-bit unsigned integer(U32), signed inte- ger(S32), 64-bit unsigned integer(U64), signed inte- ger(S64), 32-bit floating point number(F32), 64-bit floating point number(D64), 80-bit floating point num- ber(L80). The result of bit representation of any of the above data is also displayed. Which data to display can be selected by pressing the <tab> key or <shift+tab> key. :set encoding[={name}]<ent> Specifies the encoding that interprets the data when dis- playing characters. If the parameter is omitted, the cur- rent settings and a list of selectable encodings are dis- played. The supported encoding names and their abbreviations are as follows: utf-8 (u) euc-jis-2004 (e) shift_jis-2004 (s) iso-2022-jp-2004 (j) iso-8859-1 (i) utf-16le (ul) utf-16be (ub) :set endian[=(little|big)]<ent> * Specifies the endianness when interpreting the data with decimalview. :set [no]flash<ent> * Specifies whether to flip the screen momentarily to warn (visible bell) when an impossible action is performed. :set helplang[=(ja_JP|en_US|...)]<ent> Select the display language for help and messages. If you omit the parameter, the current settings and a list of selectable languages are displayed. :set [no]hideescseq<ent> When displaying characters in iso-2022-jp-2004, it is easier to read the dump list if the escape sequence part is not displayed as characters. By setting this option, the data in the escape sequence part will be displayed as blank. :set hxaviend[=commands]<ent> * Specify the command to be executed when hxavi is termi- nated. It is intended to control IME. :set lines[=N]<ent> Change the display area of the dump list to N lines. The minimum value is 3. If you omit the parameter, the cur- rent number of rows in the dump list is displayed. :set ttimeoutlen[=N]<ent> When a special key input is performed and an escape se- quence occurs, the time to wait for its completion is specified in milliseconds. :set [no]usecolor<ent> * Specifies whether to use color for highlighting search results and displaying bitmaps and histograms. :set [no]wrapscan<ent> When searching for a pattern, specify whether to continue the search beyond the end or beginning of the file. 7.MISCELLANEOUS 7.1.About the count of each command For many commands, if you enter a number just before entering a command, the command repeats that number of times. You can count decimal, hexadecimal, octal, or binary. - Enter the exact digit string (0-9) as the decimal number. Example: 180, 32767 -* Hexadecimal numbers are "16#" followed by a string of digits (0-9,a-f,A-F), and finally "#". Example: 16#ABC#, 16#123f# -* For octal numbers, enter a digit string (0 to 7) after "8#". Example: 8#1777, 8#0123 -* For binary numbers, enter a digit string (0 to 1) after "2#". Example: 2#10101011 When entering the count, the recognized value is displayed at the bottom of the screen. Count in command mode: Count-enabled commands: h ^H <bs> <left> l <spc> <right> k ^P <up> j ^N <down> + - <ent> H L fHH FHH tHH THH ; / ? n N ^Y ^E ^U ^D ^B <pgup> ^F <pgdn> i I a A o O r R x <del> X d dd D y yy Y p P . u ^R Count-disabled command: "x 0 ^ $ <home> M <end> gg G 'x `x z<ent> z. z- zt zz zb mx ^L ^G ZZ ZQ ! <tab> <shift+tab> : = <esc> Count in :bitmap: Count-enabled commands: ^F <pgdn> ^B <pgup> ^D ^U ^E ^Y ^N ^P < > ( ) + - h <left> ^H <bs> l <right> j <down> k <up> H L u ^R Count-disabled command: ^C zt zz zb z<ent> z. z- 0 $ M s r U W ^L q <esc> Count in :bytemap: Count-enabled commands: ^F <pgdn> ^B <pgup> ^D ^U ^E ^Y ^N ^P ( ) + - j <down> k <up> Count-disabled command: ^C <tab> <shift+tab> ^L g q <esc> Count in :histogram: Count-enabled commands: h <left> l <right> j <down> k <up> Count-disabled command: q <esc> 7.2.Shortening commands For commands beginning with ":", you can enter the minimum string of characters necessary to distinguish it from other commands. For example, For ":set ambiwidth=double<ent>", ":s am=d<ent>" is sufficient. For ":set nowrapscan<ent>", ":s now<ent>" is sufficient. 7.3.About entering formulas Mathematical expressions can be written as parameters of :i, :d, :g and = commands. Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder calculation, and parentheses can be used in mathematical expressions. You can use hexadecimal, decimal, octal, and binary numbers in formulas. The input method for each number is the same as for "count" in 7.1. Also, the address where the cursor is cur- rently located can be expressed with '.' (dot). Example: =(16#7f+8)*27%16<ent> Example: :i .,.+16#100,.+16#200<ent> Example: :g 16#ab00+128<ent> 7.4.About the register The copy, delete, and paste commands (y yy d dd p P) allow you to specify a register before the command. Registers include 26 named registers from ["a] to ["z] and anony- mous registers that are used if no name is specified. - If you do not specify a register, the copied or deleted data will be in the anonymous register. When you paste the data, you do not need to specify the register. Example: 10yy{motion}p : Copy 10 lines of data to the destination moved by {motion}. - If you specify a register, the copied or deleted data will be stored in the named register as well as the anonymous register. After that, the data in the named register will be saved even if you edit file by inserting or deleting. Example: "a10yy(various edits){motion}"ap : Copy 10 lines of data to the destination moved by {motion}. 7.5.How to specify pattern in search command The data that can be specified with the search command is: - a hexadecimal string, a literal string, or a mixture of both. - decimal number (1 or 2) specified after detaermining the data length. Hexadecimal strings represent 1 byte as a double-digit number, and literal strings are specified by enclosing both ends in double quotes ("). Both can be arranged alternately within one line. / <"literal"> <hexadecimal> <"literal"> <hexadecimal> ... ? <Hexadecimal> <"literal"> <hexadecimal> <"literal"> ... It doesn't support regular expressions, so there's no metacharacter other than double quotes. You can search for a fixed string of data as you type it. For hexadecimal columns, you must enter even dig- its correctly and specify integer bytes. Ignore whitespace in the input data that is not enclosed in double quotes. If you want to search the double quote itself, you can search by specifying the hexadecimal number 22 because 22 in hexa- decimal represents (") in ASCII code. example: /"Hello World"<ent> Search forward for the character string [Hello World]. example: /22"Hello World"22<ent> Search forward for the character string ["Hello World"]. example: ?1b 28 42<ent> Search backwards for the beginning of an ASCII string in an iso-2022-jp* text document. example: /:3.141592,3.141593<ent> If the data type is F32(float 32bit),D64 or L80: Search forward for data greater than or equal to 3.141592 and less than or equal to 3.141593. 7.6.Color-related environment variables In many environments, many people use a terminal with ther TERM en- vironent variable set to "xterm",but this xterm is configured to use only 8 colors. If you can still see the 256 colors in the color table with :cmap, you should be able to use any color you like with hxavi by changing the TERM environment variable to "xterm-256col- ors". 7.7.How to use cmdenter,cmdleave,hxaviend If you use IME to enter multibyte characters on the command line, it would be more convenient to use the editor if you could automat- ically turn off IME when returning from the command line. You can achive this by using cmdenter,cmdleave, and hxaviend. - Example configuration when using fcitx: :set cmdleave=fcitx-remote -c >/dev/null 2>&1 - Example configuration when using fcitx5: :set cmdleave=fcitx5-remote -c >/dev/null 2>&1 - Example configuration when using ibus-mozc: (for Japanese keyboard) :set cmdenter=ibus engine mozc-jp >/dev/null 2>&1 :set cmdleave=ibus engine xkb:jp::jpn >/dev/null 2>&1 :set hxaviend=ibus engine mozc-jp >/dev/null 2>&1 (for English keyboard) :set cmdenter=ibus engine mozc-jp >/dev/null 2>&1 :set cmdleave=ibus engine xkb:us::eng >/dev/null 2>&1 :set hxaviend=ibus engine mozc-jp >/dev/null 2>&1 This setting can be written in .hxavirc. The leading ':' (colon) is not required in .hxavi. The timing of cmdenter operation is as follows: - Immediately after typing " to enter a string in i or R command - Immediately after typing / ? /" or ?" to enter a string in / or ? command The timing of cmdleave operation is as follows: - In all cases, exit the command line - Immediately after typing : in a general command - Immediately after typing : to enter a decimal number in the i or R command - Immediately after typing # to enter a bynary number in the i or R command - Immediately after typing /: ?: to enter a decimal number with the / or ? command - Immediately after typing = to enter a formula 7.8.Handling large files with the -b option Normally, hxavi loads the entire file into memory and performs editing operations in memory. However, if you are working with a huge file that exceeds the available memory size, this method will make operation extremely slow and unusable. Therefore, the -b option uses a system function called mmap(2) to view and change only the small portion of the data being displayed or edited, thereby avoiding slow operation. This method allows for fast data reference and overwrite modifica- tions, but when you try to change the length of a file by insert- ing, deleting, or appending, it requires accessing or rewriting a wide range of data in the file, making it extremely slow and there- fore impractical. For this reason, the -b option restricts the commands that can be used as follows: - Unavailable editing commands: i | I | a | A | o | O | x | X | d | dd | D | p | P | y | yy | Y | :insert | :delete - Available editing commands: R | r | . | u | ^R - Commands that are available but take a long time: / | ? | n | N | :histogram | :wq! altname | :wq altname | :w! altname | :w altname - Other commands that cannnot be used: :file newname Also, because actual writing to the file being edited occurs at un- expected times during editing, you cannot quit editing without syn- chronously saving. - Prohibited termination methods: When Modified is lit :wq! altname | :wq altname | :q! | :q | ZQ - Allowed termination methods: :wq! | :wq | ZZ (Use undo to return to the beginning, or use :w.) When Modified is not lit :wq! altname | :wq altname | :q! | :q | ZQ 7.9.About the personal configuration file (~/.hxavirc) The ":set" command allows you to set various optional parameters related to the operation of hxavi. By writing these setting values in advance to the file ".hxavirc" in your home directory, you can always enable the values when starting the command. In this file, the initial ":" of the command is not required. A sample of this file is located in the documentation directory described below. ENVIRONMENTS Terminal encoding is UTF-8 only. The recommended environment variable for TERM is "xterm-256color". FILES (FreeBSD) /usr/local/bin/hxavi Executable /usr/local/share/doc/hxavi/* Location of Documents. Sample of Personal configuration file can be found here. /usr/local/lib/hxavi/hxavi*/* Location of various resources ~/.hxavirc Personal configuration file. (Linux) /usr/bin/hxavi Executable /usr/share/doc/hxavi/* Location of Documents. Sample of Personal configuration file can be found here. /usr/share/hxavi/hxavi*/* Location of various resources ~/.hxavirc Personal configuration file. VERSION The version is displayed when started only with the command name hxavi. SEE ALSO vi(1), vim(1), less(1), ncurses(3) BUGS * UTF-8 is the only terminal environment that can be used. This is because characters other than laten1 and Japanese are used for character display of control code, graphic display of bitmap and histogram. However, the encoding scheme of data that can be dis- played as a character is not limited to this. * Files other than normal files (directories, device files, etc.) can- not be read or written. * The logical upper limit of the file size that can be handled is 16 terabytes (0x100000000000 bytes = 17,592,186,044,416 bytes). This is due to the limit on the number of digits that can be displayed on the screen. * Unicode U+2800 to U+28ff (Braille Patterns) are used for bitmap and bytemap views and histograms. Depending on the design of these char- acters, they may not look beautiful. * Because the author is not a native English speaker The English text of this manual may not be fluent. If you find any problems with the translation in this manual or help messages, I hope you fix them and let me know. AUTHOR "Michihiro Satoh", <satoumc(at_sign)hxavi.net> https://hxavi.net/ COPYRIGHT It is provided under the BSD 2-Clause License. This program is designed to be useful but is not guaranteed. Copyright is reserved, but it is free to use/modify. For details, see (directory of documents)/COPYRIGHT. hxavi-1.2.0.20260301 2026-03-01 HXAVI(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | ENVIRONMENTS | FILES | VERSION | SEE ALSO | BUGS | AUTHOR | COPYRIGHT
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