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RANDAUT(1) User Commands RANDAUT(1) NAME randaut - generate random automata SYNOPSIS randaut [OPTION...] N|PROP... DESCRIPTION Generate random connected automata. The automata are built over the atomic propositions named by PROPS... or, if N is a nonnegative number, using N arbitrary names. If the edge density is set to D, and the number of states to Q, the degree of each state fol- lows a normal distribution with mean 1+(Q-1)D and variance (Q-1)D(1-D). In particular, for D=0 all states have a single successor, while for D=1 all states are interconnected. Generation: -a, --acc-probability=FLOAT probability that an edge belongs to one acceptance set (0.2) -A, --acceptance=ACCEPTANCE specify the acceptance type of the automaton -b, --buchi, --Buchi build a BA1/4chi automaton (same as --acceptance=Buchi) -B, --sba, --ba build a state-based Buchi automaton (implies --acceptance=Buchi --state-acc) --colored build an automaton in which each edge (or state if combined with -S) belong to a single acceptance set -D, --deterministic build a complete, deterministic automaton -e, --density=FLOAT density of the edges (0.2) -n, --automata=INT number of automata to output (1) use a negative value for unbounded generation -Q, --states=RANGE number of states to output (10) --seed=INT seed for the random number generator (0) -S, --state-based-acceptance, --sbacc used state-based acceptance -u, --unique do not output the same automaton twice (same in the sense that they are isomorphic) RANGE may have one of the following forms: 'INT', 'INT..INT', or '..INT'. In the latter case, the missing number is assumed to be 1. ACCEPTANCE may be either a RANGE (in which case generalized BA1/4chi is as- sumed), or an arbitrary acceptance formula such as 'Fin(0)|Inf(1)&Fin(2)' in the same syntax as in the HOA format, or one of the following patterns: none all Buchi co-Buchi generalized-Buchi RANGE generalized-co-Buchi RANGE Rabin RANGE Streett RANGE generalized-Rabin INT RANGE RANGE ... RANGE parity (min|max|rand) (odd|even|rand) RANGE random RANGE random RANGE PROBABILITY The random acceptance condition uses each set only once, unless a probabil- ity (to reuse the set again every time it is used) is given. Output format: -8, --utf8 enable UTF-8 characters in output (ignored with --lbtt or --spin) --check[=PROP] test for the additional property PROP and output the result in the HOA format (implies -H). PROP may be some prefix of 'all' (de- fault), 'unambiguous', 'stutter-invariant', 'stutter-sensitive-exam- ple', 'semi-determinism', or 'strength'. -d, --dot[=1|a|A|b|B|c|C(COLOR)|e|E|f(FONT)|h|i(ID)|k|K|n|N|o|r|R|s|t|u|v| y|+INT|<INT|#] GraphViz's format. Add letters for (1) force numbered states, (a) show acceptance condition (default), (A) hide acceptance condition, (b) acceptance sets as bullets, (B) bullets except for BA1/4chi/co-BA1/4chi automata, (c) force circular nodes, (C) color nodes with COLOR, (d) show origins when known, (e) force elliptic nodes, (E) force rEctangular nodes, (f(FONT)) use FONT, (g) hide edge labels, (h) horizontal layout, (i) or (i(GRAPHID)) add IDs, (k) use state labels when possible, (K) use transition labels (default), (n) show name, (N) hide name, (o) ordered transitions, (r) rainbow colors for acceptance sets, (R) color acceptance sets by Inf/Fin, (s) with SCCs, (t) force transition-based acceptance, (u) hide true states, (v) vertical layout, (y) split universal edges by color, (+INT) add INT to all set numbers, (<INT) display at most INT states, (#) show internal edge numbers -H, --hoaf[=1.1|b|i|k|l|m|s|t|v] Output the automaton in HOA format (default). Add letters to select (1.1) version 1.1 of the format, (b) create an alias basis if >=2 AP are used, (i) use implicit labels for complete deterministic au- tomata, (s) prefer state-based acceptance when possible [default], (t) force transition-based acceptance, (m) mix state and transi- tion-based acceptance, (k) use state labels when possible, (l) sin- gle-line output, (v) verbose properties --lbtt[=t] LBTT's format (add =t to force transition-based acceptance even on BA1/4chi automata) --name=FORMAT set the name of the output automaton -o, --output=FORMAT send output to a file named FORMAT instead of standard output. The first automaton sent to a file truncates it unless FORMAT starts with '>>'. -q, --quiet suppress all normal output -s, --spin[=6|c] Spin neverclaim (implies --ba). Add letters to select (6) Spin's 6.2.4 style, (c) comments on states --stats=FORMAT, --format=FORMAT output statistics about the automaton Any FORMAT string may use the following interpreted sequences: %% a single % %a number of acceptance sets %c, %[LETTERS]c number of SCCs; you may filter the SCCs to count using the following LETTERS, possibly concatenated: (a) accepting, (r) rejecting, (c) complete, (v) trivial, (t) terminal, (w) weak, (iw) inherently weak. Use uppercase letters to negate them. %d 1 if the output is deterministic, 0 otherwise %e, %[LETTER]e number of edges (add one LETTER to select (r) reachable [default], (u) unreachable, (a) all). %F seed number %g, %[LETTERS]g acceptance condition (in HOA syntax); add brackets to print an ac- ceptance name instead and LETTERS to tweak the format: (0) no para- meters, (a) accentuated, (b) abbreviated, (d) style used in dot out- put, (g) no generalized parameter, (l) recognize Street-like and Ra- bin-like, (m) no main parameter, (p) no parity parameter, (o) name unknown acceptance as 'other', (s) shorthand for 'lo0'. %h the automaton in HOA format on a single line (use %[opt]h to specify additional options as in --hoa=opt) %L automaton number %l serial number of the output automaton (0-based) %m name of the automaton %n number of nondeterministic states in output %p 1 if the output is complete, 0 otherwise %r wall-clock time elapsed in seconds (excluding parsing) %R, %[LETTERS]R CPU time (excluding parsing), in seconds; add LETTERS to restrict to (u) user time, (s) system time, (p) parent process, or (c) children processes. %s, %[LETTER]s number of states (add one LETTER to select (r) reachable [default], (u) unreachable, (a) all). %t, %[LETTER]t number of transitions (add one LETTER to select (r) reachable [de- fault], (u) unreachable, (a) all). %u, %[e]u number of states (or [e]dges) with universal branching %u, %[LETTER]u 1 if the automaton contains some universal branching (or a number of [s]tates or [e]dges with universal branching) %w one word accepted by the output automaton %x, %[LETTERS]x number of atomic propositions declared in the automaton; add LET- TERS to list atomic propositions with (n) no quoting, (s) occasional double-quotes with C-style escape, (d) double-quotes with C-style escape, (c) double-quotes with CSV-style escape, (p) between paren- theses, any extra non-alphanumeric character will be used to sepa- rate propositions Miscellaneous options: --help print this help --version print program version Mandatory or optional arguments to long options are also mandatory or op- tional for any corresponding short options. EXAMPLES This builds a random neverclaim with 4 states and labeled using the two atomic propositions "a" and "b": % randaut --spin -Q4 a b This builds three random, complete, and deterministic TGBA with 5 to 10 states, 1 to 3 acceptance sets, and three atomic propositions: % randaut -n3 -D -H -Q5..10 -A1..3 3 Build 3 random, complete, and deterministic Rabin automata with 2 to 3 ac- ceptance pairs, state-based acceptance, 8 states, a high density of edges, and 3 to 4 atomic propositions: % randaut -n3 -D -H -Q8 -e.8 -S -A 'Rabin 2..3' 3..4 REPORTING BUGS Report bugs to <spot@lrde.epita.fr>. COPYRIGHT Copyright (C) 2025 by the Spot authors, see the AUTHORS File for details. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/li- censes/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. SEE ALSO genltl(1), genaut(1), randltl(1), autfilt(1) randaut (spot) 2.14.5 January 2026 RANDAUT(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | EXAMPLES | REPORTING BUGS | COPYRIGHT | SEE ALSO
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