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std::bitset::to_ulong(3)      C++ Standard Libary     std::bitset::to_ulong(3)

NAME
       std::bitset::to_ulong - std::bitset::to_ulong

Synopsis
	  unsigned long	to_ulong() const  (constexpr since C++23)

	  Converts the contents	of the bitset to an unsigned long integer.

	  The  first  bit  of  the bitset corresponds to the least significant
       digit of	the number
	  and the last bit corresponds to the most significant digit.

Parameters
	  (none)

Return value
	  The converted	integer.

Exceptions
	  Throws std::overflow_error if	the value can not  be  represented  in
       unsigned	long.

Example
       // Run this code

	#include <bitset>
	#include <iostream>
	#include <stdexcept>

	int main()
	{
	    for	(unsigned long i = 0; i	< 10; ++i)
	    {
		std::bitset<5> b(i);
		std::bitset<5> b_inverted = ~b;
		std::cout << i << '\t' << b << '\t' << b_inverted << '\t'
			  << b_inverted.to_ulong() << '\n';
	    }

	    std::cout << std::bitset<32>().to_string('-') << '\n';

	    try
	    {
		std::bitset<128> x(42);
		std::cout << x.to_ulong() << '\n';
		x.flip();
		std::cout << x.to_ulong() << '\n'; // throws
	    }
	    catch (const std::overflow_error& ex)
	    {
		std::cout << "ex: " << ex.what() << '\n';
	    }
	}

Possible output:
	0   00000   11111   31
	1   00001   11110   30
	2   00010   11101   29
	3   00011   11100   28
	4   00100   11011   27
	5   00101   11010   26
	6   00110   11001   25
	7   00111   11000   24
	8   01000   10111   23
	9   01001   10110   22
	--------------------------------
	42
	ex: bitset to_ulong overflow error

See also
	  to_string returns a string representation of the data
		    (public member function)
	  to_ullong  returns  an  unsigned long	long integer representation of
       the data
	  (C++11)   (public member function)

http://cppreference.com		  2024.06.10	      std::bitset::to_ulong(3)

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