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std::basic_string::back(3) C++ Standard Libary std::basic_string::back(3) NAME std::basic_string::back - std::basic_string::back Synopsis CharT& back(); (1) (constexpr since C++20) const CharT& back() const; (2) (constexpr since C++20) Returns reference to the last character in the string. The behavior is undefined if empty() is true. Parameters (none) Return value Reference to the last character, equivalent to operator[](size() - 1). Complexity Constant. Notes In libstdc++, back() is not available in C++98 mode. Example // Run this code #include <iostream> #include <string> int main() { std::string s("Exemplary"); char& back1 = s.back(); back1 = 's'; std::cout << s << '\n'; // "Exemplars" std::string const c("Exemplary"); char const& back2 = c.back(); std::cout << back2 << '\n'; // 'y' } Output: Exemplars y Defect reports The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroac- tively to previously published C++ standards. DR Applied to Behavior as published Correct behavior LWG 534 C++98 std::basic_string did not have the member added function back() See also front accesses the first character (DR*) (public member function) back accesses the last character (public member function of std::ba- sic_string_view<CharT,Traits>) http://cppreference.com 2024.06.10 std::basic_string::back(3)
NAME | Synopsis | Parameters | Return value | Complexity | Notes | Example | Output: | See also
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