FreeBSD Manual Pages
VIRT-WHAT(1) Virtualization Support VIRT-WHAT(1) NAME virt-what - detect if we are running in a virtual machine SUMMARY virt-what [options] DESCRIPTION "virt-what" is a shell script which can be used to detect if the program is running in a virtual machine. The program prints out a list of "facts" about the virtual machine, derived from heuristics. One fact is printed per line. If nothing is printed and the script exits with code 0 (no error), then it can mean either that the program is running on bare-metal or the program is running inside a type of virtual machine which we don't know about or can- not detect. FACTS alibaba_cloud alibaba_cloud-ebm This is a cloud computing service based on Alibaba Cloud. Status: contributed by Weisson. aws Amazon Web Services. Note that virt-what will print this fact for baremetal AWS instances, which you might not consider to be true virtualization. In this case other facts (eg. "kvm" or "xen") would not be present. Status: contributed by Qi Guo, Vitaly Kuznetsov, confirmed by RWMJ. bhyve This is a bhyve (FreeBSD hypervisor) guest. Status: contributed by Leonardo Brondani Schenkel. docker This is a Docker container. Status: confirmed by Charles Nguyen google_cloud This is running on Google Cloud Platform / Google Compute Engine. Status: confirmed by RWMJ hyperv This is Microsoft Hyper-V hypervisor. Status: confirmed by RWMJ ibm_power-kvm This is an IBM POWER KVM guest. Status: contributed by Adrian Likins. ibm_power-lpar_shared ibm_power-lpar_dedicated This is an IBM POWER LPAR (hardware partition) in either shared or ded- icated mode. Status: contributed by Adrian Likins. ibm_systemz This is an IBM SystemZ (or other S/390) hardware partitioning system. Additional facts listed below may also be printed. ibm_systemz-direct This is Linux running directly on a IBM SystemZ hardware partitioning system. This is expected to be a highly unusual configuration - if you see this result you should treat it with suspicion. Status: not confirmed ibm_systemz-lpar This is Linux running directly on an LPAR on an IBM SystemZ hardware partitioning system. Status: confirmed by Thomas Huth ibm_systemz-zvm This is a z/VM guest running in an LPAR on an IBM SystemZ hardware par- titioning system. Status: confirmed by RWMJ using a Fedora guest running in z/VM ibm_systemz-kvm This is a KVM guest running on an IBM System Z hardware system. Status: contributed by Thomas Huth illumos-lx The guest is running on Illumos with a Linux syscall emulation layer. Status: contributed by Steve Mokris ldoms The guest appears to be running on an Linux SPARC system with Oracle VM Server for SPARC (Logical Domains) support. Status: contributed by Darren Kenny ldoms-control The is the Oracle VM Server for SPARC (Logical Domains) control domain. Status: contributed by Darren Kenny ldoms-guest The is the Oracle VM Server for SPARC (Logical Domains) guest domain. Status: contributed by Darren Kenny ldoms-io The is the Oracle VM Server for SPARC (Logical Domains) I/O domain. Status: contributed by Darren Kenny ldoms-root The is the Oracle VM Server for SPARC (Logical Domains) Root domain. Status: contributed by Darren Kenny linux_vserver This is printed for backwards compatibility with older virt-what which could not distinguish between a Linux VServer container guest and host. linux_vserver-guest This process is running in a Linux VServer container. Status: contributed by BarA+/-A Metin linux_vserver-host This process is running as the Linux VServer host (VxID 0). Status: contributed by BarA+/-A Metin and Elan RuusamAxe lxc This process is running in a Linux LXC container. Status: contributed by Marc Fournier kvm This guest is running on the KVM hypervisor using hardware accelera- tion. Note that if the hypervisor is using software acceleration you should not see this, but should see the "qemu" fact instead. Status: confirmed by RWMJ. lkvmThis guest is running on the KVM hypervisor using hardware accelera- tion, and the userspace component of the hypervisor is lkvm (a.k.a kvm- tool). Status: contributed by Andrew Jones nutanix_ahv The guest is running inside Nutanix Acropolis Hypervisor (AHV). Status: confirmed by RWMJ. openvz The guest appears to be running inside an OpenVZ or Virtuozzo con- tainer. Status: contributed by Evgeniy Sokolov ovirt The guest is running on an oVirt node. (See also "rhev" below). Status: contributed by RWMJ, not confirmed parallels The guest is running inside Parallels Virtual Platform (Parallels Desk- top, Parallels Server). Status: contributed by Justin Clift podman This is a Podman container. Status: contributed by Jordan Webb powervm_lx86 The guest is running inside IBM PowerVM Lx86 Linux/x86 emulator. Status: data originally supplied by Jeffrey Scheel, confirmed by Yufang Zhang and RWMJ qemuThis is QEMU hypervisor using software emulation. Note that for KVM (hardware accelerated) guests you should not see this. Status: confirmed by RWMJ. rhevThe guest is running on a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization (RHEV) node. Status: confirmed by RWMJ redhat The guest is running on the Red Hat hypervisor. Status: confirmed by RWMJ uml This is a User-Mode Linux (UML) guest. Status: contributed by Laurent LA(C)onard virtSome sort of virtualization appears to be present, but we are not sure what it is. In some very rare corner cases where we know that virtual- ization is hard to detect, we will try a timing attack to see if cer- tain machine instructions are running much more slowly than they should be, which would indicate virtualization. In this case, the generic fact "virt" is printed. virtage This is Hitachi Virtualization Manager (HVM) Virtage hardware parti- tioning system. Status: data supplied by Bhavna Sarathy, not confirmed virtualbox This is a VirtualBox guest. Status: contributed by Laurent LA(C)onard virtualpc The guest appears to be running on Microsoft VirtualPC. Status: not confirmed vmm This is a vmm (OpenBSD hypervisor) guest. Status: contributed by Jasper Lievisse Adriaanse. vmware The guest appears to be running on VMware hypervisor. Status: confirmed by RWMJ xen The guest appears to be running on Xen hypervisor. Status: confirmed by RWMJ xen-dom0 This is the Xen dom0 (privileged domain). Status: confirmed by RWMJ xen-domU This is a Xen domU (paravirtualized guest domain). Status: confirmed by RWMJ xen-hvm This is a Xen guest fully virtualized (HVM). Status: confirmed by RWMJ EXIT STATUS Programs that use or wrap "virt-what" should check that the exit status is 0 before they attempt to parse the output of the command. A non-zero exit status indicates some error, for example, an unrecognized command line argument. If the exit status is non-zero then the output "facts" (if any were printed) cannot be guaranteed and should be ignored. The exit status does not have anything to do with whether the program is running on baremetal or under virtualization, nor with whether "virt-what" managed detection "correctly" (which is basically unknowable given the large variety of virtualization systems out there and that some systems de- liberately emulate others). RUNNING VIRT-WHAT FROM OTHER PROGRAMS "virt-what" is designed so that you can easily run it from other programs or wrap it up in a library. Your program should check the exit status (see the section above). Some programming languages (notably Python: issue 1652) erroneously mask the "SIGPIPE" signal and do not restore it when executing subprocesses. "virt-what" is a shell script and some shell commands do not work correctly when you do this. You may see warnings from "virt-what" similar to this: echo: write error: Broken pipe The solution is to set the "SIGPIPE" signal handler back to "SIG_DFL" be- fore running "virt-what". IMPORTANT NOTE Most of the time, using this program is the wrong thing to do. Instead you should detect the specific features you actually want to use. (As an exam- ple, if you wanted to issue Xen hypervisor commands you would look for the "/proc/xen/privcmd" file). However people keep asking for this, so we provide it. There are a few le- gitimate uses: Bug reporting tool If you think that virtualization could affect how your program runs, then you might use "virt-what" to report this in a bug reporting tool. Status display and monitoring tools You might include this information in status and monitoring programs. System tuning (sometimes) You might use this program to tune an operating system so it runs bet- ter as a virtual machine of a particular hypervisor. However if in- stalling paravirtualized drivers, it's better to check for the specific features your drivers need (eg. for the presence of PCI devices). SEE ALSO <http://people.redhat.com/~rjones/virt-what/>, <http://www.vmware.com/>, <http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/winfamily/virtualpc>, <http://xensource.com/>, <http://bellard.org/qemu/>, <http://kvm.qum- ranet.com/>, <http://openvz.org/> AUTHORS Richard W.M. Jones <rjones @ redhat . com> COPYRIGHT (C) Copyright 2008-2022 Red Hat Inc., <http://people.red- hat.com/~rjones/virt-what/> This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it un- der the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FIT- NESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. REPORTING BUGS Bugs can be viewed on the Red Hat Bugzilla page: <https://bugzilla.red- hat.com/>. If you find a bug in virt-what, please follow these steps to report it: 1. Check for existing bug reports Go to <https://bugzilla.redhat.com/> and search for similar bugs. Someone may already have reported the same bug, and they may even have fixed it. 2. Capture debug and error messages Run virt-what > virt-what.log 2>&1 and keep virt-what.log. It may contain error messages which you should submit with your bug report. 3. Get version of virt-what. Run virt-what --version 4. Submit a bug report. Go to <https://bugzilla.redhat.com/> and enter a new bug. Please de- scribe the problem in as much detail as possible. Remember to include the version numbers (step 3) and the debug messages file (step 2) and as much other detail as possible. 5. Assign the bug to rjones @ redhat.com Assign or reassign the bug to rjones @ redhat.com (without the spaces). You can also send me an email with the bug number if you want a faster response. virt-what-1.25 2022-08-03 VIRT-WHAT(1)
NAME | SUMMARY | DESCRIPTION | FACTS | EXIT STATUS | RUNNING VIRT-WHAT FROM OTHER PROGRAMS | IMPORTANT NOTE | SEE ALSO | AUTHORS | COPYRIGHT | REPORTING BUGS
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