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cdio(7I) cdio(7I) NAME cdio - CD-ROM control operations SYNOPSIS #include <sys/cdio.h> DESCRIPTION The set of ioctl(2) commands described below are used to perform audio and CD-ROM specific operations. Basic to these cdio ioctl requests are the de- finitions in <sys/cdio.h>. Several CD-ROM specific commands can report addresses either in LBA (Logi- cal Block Address) format or in MSF (Minute, Second, Frame) format. The READ HEADER, READ SUBCHANNEL, and READ TABLE OF CONTENTS commands have this feature. LBA format represents the logical block address for the CD-ROM absolute ad- dress field or for the offset from the beginning of the current track ex- pressed as a number of logical blocks in a CD-ROM track relative address field. MSF format represents the physical address written on CD-ROM discs, expressed as a sector count relative to either the beginning of the medium or the beginning of the current track. IOCTLS The following I/O controls do not have any additional data passed into or received from them. CDROMSTARTThis ioctl() spins up the disc and seeks to the last address re- quested. CDROMSTOP This ioctl() spins down the disc. CDROMPAUSEThis ioctl() pauses the current audio play operation. CDROMRESUME This ioctl() resumes the paused audio play operation. CDROMEJECTThis ioctl() ejects the caddy with the disc. The following I/O controls require a pointer to the structure for that ioctl(), with data being passed into the ioctl(). CDROMPLAYMSF This ioctl() command requests the drive to output the audio sig- nals at the specified starting address and continue the audio play until the specified ending address is detected. The address is in MSF format. The third argument of this ioctl() call is a pointer to the type struct cdrom_msf. /* * definition of play audio msf structure */ struct cdrom_msf { unsigned char cdmsf_min0; /* starting minute*/ unsigned char cdmsf_sec0; /* starting second*/ unsigned char cdmsf_frame0; /*starting frame*/ unsigned char cdmsf_min1; /* ending minute */ unsigned char cdmsf_sec1; /* ending second */ unsigned char cdmsf_frame1; /* ending frame */ }; The CDROMREADTOCENTRY ioctl request may be used to obtain the start time for a track. An approximation of the finish time can be obtained by using the CDROMREADTOCENTRY ioctl request to re- trieve the start time of the track following the current track. The leadout track is the next consecutive track after the last audio track. Hence, the start time of the leadout track may be used as the effective finish time of the last audio track. CDROMPLAYTRKIND This ioctl() command is similar to CDROMPLAYMSF. The starting and ending address is in track/index format. The third argument of the ioctl() call is a pointer to the type struct cdrom_ti. /* * definition of play audio track/index structure */ struct cdrom_ti { unsigned char cdti_trk0; /* starting track*/ unsigned char cdti_ind0; /* starting index*/ unsigned char cdti_trk1; /* ending track */ unsigned char cdti_ind1; /* ending index */ }; CDROMVOLCTRL This ioctl() command controls the audio output level. The SCSI command allows the control of up to four channels. The current implementation of the supported CD-ROM drive only uses channel 0 and channel 1. The valid values of volume control are between 0x00 and 0xFF, with a value of 0xFF indicating maximum volume. The third argument of the ioctl() call is a pointer to struct cdrom_volctrl which contains the output volume values. /* * definition of audio volume control structure */ struct cdrom_volctrl { unsigned char channel0; unsigned char channel1; unsigned char channel2; unsigned char channel3; }; The following I/O controls take a pointer that will have data returned to the user program from the CD-ROM driver. CDROMREADTOCHDR This ioctl() command returns the header of the table of contents (TOC). The header consists of the starting tracking number and the ending track number of the disc. These two numbers are re- turned through a pointer of struct cdrom_tochdr. While the disc can start at any number, all tracks between the first and last tracks are in contiguous ascending order. /* * definition of read toc header structure */ struct cdrom_tochdr { unsigned char cdth_trk0; /* starting track*/ unsigned char cdth_trk1; /* ending track*/ }; CDROMREADTOCENTRY This ioctl() command returns the information of a specified track. The third argument of the function call is a pointer to the type struct cdrom_tocentry. The caller needs to supply the track number and the address format. This command will return a 4-bit adr field, a 4-bit ctrl field, the starting address in MSF format or LBA format, and the data mode if the track is a data track. The ctrl field specifies whether the track is data or audio. /* * definition of read toc entry structure */ struct cdrom_tocentry { unsigned char cdte_track; unsigned char cdte_adr :4; unsigned char cdte_ctrl :4; unsigned char cdte_format; union { struct { unsigned char minute; unsigned char second; unsigned char frame; } msf; int lba; } cdte_addr; unsigned char cdte_datamode; }; To get the information from the leadout track, the following value is appropriate for the cdte_track field: CDROM_LEADOUT Leadout track To get the information from the data track, the following value is appropriate for the cdte_ctrl field: CDROM_DATA_TRACK Data track The following values are appropriate for the cdte_format field: CDROM_LBA LBA format CDROM_MSF MSF format CDROMSUBCHNL This ioctl() command reads the Q sub-channel data of the current block. The subchannel data includes track number, index number, absolute CD-ROM address, track relative CD-ROM address, control data and audio status. All information is returned through a pointer to struct cdrom_subchnl. The caller needs to supply the address format for the returned address. struct cdrom_subchnl { unsigned char cdsc_format; unsigned char cdsc_audiostatus; unsigned char cdsc_adr:L; unsigned char cdsc_ctrl:L; unsigned char cdsc_trk; unsigned char cdsc_ind; union { struct { unsigned char minute; unsigned char second; unsigned char frame; } msf; int lba; } cdsc_absaddr; union { struct { unsigned char minute; unsigned char second; unsigned char frame; } msf; int lba; } cdsc_reladdr; }; The following values are valid for the audio status field re- turned from READ SUBCHANNEL command: CDROM_AUDIO_INVALID Audio status not supported. CDROM_AUDIO_PLAY Audio play operation in progress. CDROM_AUDIO_PAUSED Audio play operation paused. CDROM_AUDIO_COMPLETED Audio play successfully completed. CDROM_AUDIO_ERROR Audio play stopped due to error. CDROM_AUDIO_NO_STATUS No current audio status to return. CDROMREADOFFSET This ioctl() command returns the absolute CD-ROM address of the first track in the last session of a Multi-Session CD-ROM. The third argument of the ioctl() call is a pointer to an int. CDROMCDDA This ioctl() command returns the CD-DA data or the subcode data. The third argument of the ioctl() call is a pointer to the type struct cdrom_cdda. In addition to allocating memory and supplying its address, the caller needs to supply the starting address of the data, the transfer length, and the subcode options. The caller also needs to issue the CDROMREADTOCENTRY ioctl() to find out which tracks contain CD-DA data before issuing this ioctl(). /* * Definition of CD-DA structure */ struct cdrom_cdda { unsigned int cdda_addr; unsigned int cdda_length; caddr_t cdda_data; unsigned char cdda_subcode; }; To get the subcode information related to CD-DA data, the fol- lowing values are appropriate for the cdda_subcode field: CDROM_DA_NO_SUBCODE CD-DA data with no subcode. CDROM_DA_SUBQ CD-DA data with sub Q code. CDROM_DA_ALL_SUBCODE CD-DA data with all subcode. CDROM_DA_SUBCODE_ONLY All subcode only. To allocate the memory related to CD-DA and/or subcode data, the following values are appropriate for each data block trans- ferred: CD-DA data with no subcode 2352 bytes CD-DA data with sub Q code 2368 bytes CD-DA data with all subcode 2448 bytes All subcode only 96 bytes CDROMCDXA This ioctl() command returns the CD-ROM XA (CD-ROM Extended Ar- chitecture) data according to CD-ROM XA format. The third argu- ment of the ioctl() call is a pointer to the type struct cdrom_cdxa. In addition to allocating memory and supplying its address, the caller needs to supply the starting address of the data, the transfer length, and the format. The caller also needs to issue the CDROMREADTOCENTRY ioctl() to find out which tracks contain CD- ROM XA data before issuing this ioctl(). /* * Definition of CD-ROM XA structure */ struct cdrom_cdxa { unsigned int cdxa_addr; unsigned int cdxa_length; caddr_t cdxa_data; unsigned char cdxa_format; }; To get the proper CD-ROM XA data, the following values are ap- propriate for the cdxa_format field: CDROM_XA_DATA CD-ROM XA data only CDROM_XA_SECTOR_DATA CD-ROM XA all sector data CDROM_XA_DATA_W_ERROR CD-ROM XA data with error flags data To allocate the memory related to CD-ROM XA format, the follow- ing values are appropriate for each data block transferred: CD-ROM XA data only 2048 bytes CD-ROM XA all sector data 2352 bytes CD-ROM XA data with error flags data 2646 bytes CDROMSUBCODE This ioctl() command returns raw subcode data (subcodes P ~ W are described in the "Red Book," see SEE ALSO) to the initiator while the target is playing audio. The third argument of the ioctl() call is a pointer to the type struct cdrom_subcode. The caller needs to supply the transfer length and allocate memory for subcode data. The memory allocated should be a multiple of 96 bytes depending on the transfer length. /* * Definition of subcode structure */ struct cdrom_subcode { unsigned int cdsc_length; caddr_t cdsc_addr; }; The next group of I/O controls get and set various CD-ROM drive parame- ters. CDROMGBLKMODE This ioctl() command returns the current block size used by the CD-ROM drive. The third argument of the ioctl() call is a pointer to an integer. CDROMSBLKMODE This ioctl() command requests the CD-ROM drive to change from the current block size to the requested block size. The third argument of the ioctl() call is an integer which contains the requested block size. This ioctl() command operates in exclusive- use mode only. The caller must ensure that no other processes can operate on the same CD-ROM device before issuing this ioctl(). read(2) behavior subsequent to this ioctl() remains the same: the caller is still constrained to read the raw device on block boundaries and in block multiples. To set the proper block size, the following values are appropriate: CDROM_BLK_512 512 bytes CDROM_BLK_1024 1024 bytes CDROM_BLK_2048 2048 bytes CDROM_BLK_2056 2056 bytes CDROM_BLK_2336 2336 bytes CDROM_BLK_2340 2340 bytes CDROM_BLK_2352 2352 bytes CDROM_BLK_2368 2368 bytes CDROM_BLK_2448 2448 bytes CDROM_BLK_2646 2646 bytes CDROM_BLK_2647 2647 bytes CDROMGDRVSPEED This ioctl() command returns the current CD-ROM drive speed. The third argument of the ioctl() call is a pointer to an inte- ger. CDROMSDRVSPEED This ioctl() command requests the CD-ROM drive to change the current drive speed to the requested drive speed. This speed setting is only applicable when reading data areas. The third argument of the ioctl() is an integer which contains the re- quested drive speed. To set the CD-ROM drive to the proper speed, the following val- ues are appropriate: CDROM_NORMAL_SPEED 150k/second CDROM_DOUBLE_SPEED 300k/second CDROM_QUAD_SPEED 600k/second CDROM_MAXIMUM_SPEED 300k/second (2x drive) 600k/second (4x drive) Note that these numbers are only accurate when reading 2048 byte blocks. The CD-ROM drive will automatically switch to normal speed when playing audio tracks and will switch back to the speed setting when accessing data. SEE ALSO ioctl(2), read(2) N. V. Phillips and Sony Corporation, System Description Compact Disc Digi- tal Audio, ("Red Book"). N. V. Phillips and Sony Corporation, System Description of Compact Disc Read Only Memory, ("Yellow Book"). N. V. Phillips, Microsoft, and Sony Corporation, System Description CD-ROM XA, 1991. Volume and File Structure of CD-ROM for Information Interchange, ISO 9660:1988(E). SCSI-2 Standard, document X3T9.2/86-109 NOTES The CDROMCDDA, CDROMCDXA, CDROMSUBCODE, CDROMGDRVSPEED, CDROMSDRVSPEED, and some of the block sizes in CDROMSBLKMODE are designed for new Sun-sup- ported CD-ROM drives and might not work on some of the older CD-ROM dri- ves. The interface to this device is preliminary and subject to change in future releases. Programs should be written in a modular fashion so that future changes can be easily incorporated. 18 Feb 1998 cdio(7I)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | IOCTLS | SEE ALSO | NOTES
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