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DDRESCUE(1) User Commands DDRESCUE(1) NAME ddrescue - data recovery tool SYNOPSIS ddrescue [options] infile outfile [mapfile] DESCRIPTION GNU ddrescue is a data recovery tool. It copies data from one file or block device (hard disc, cdrom, etc) to another, trying to rescue the good parts first in case of read errors. Always use a mapfile unless you know you won't need it. Without a map- file, ddrescue can't resume a rescue, only reinitiate it. Be careful to not specify by mistake an old mapfile from an unrelated rescue. NOTE: In versions of ddrescue prior to 1.20 the mapfile was called 'logfile'. The format is the same; only the name has changed. If you reboot, check the device names before restarting ddrescue. Don't use options '-F' or '-G' without reading the manual first. OPTIONS -h, --help display this help and exit -V, --version output version information and exit -a, --min-read-rate=<bytes> minimum read rate of good areas in bytes/s -A, --try-again mark non-trimmed, non-scraped as non-tried -b, --sector-size=<bytes> sector size of input device [default 512] -B, --binary-prefixes show binary multipliers in numbers [SI] -c, --cluster-size=<sectors> sectors to copy at a time [128] -C, --complete-only don't read new data beyond mapfile limits -d, --idirect use direct disc access for input file -D, --odirect use direct disc access for output file -e, --max-bad-areas=[+]<n> maximum number of [new] bad areas allowed -E, --max-error-rate=<bytes> maximum allowed rate of read errors per second -f, --force overwrite output device or partition -F, --fill-mode=<types> fill blocks of given types with data (?*/-+l) -G, --generate-mode generate approximate mapfile from partial copy -H, --test-mode=<file> set map of good/bad blocks from given mapfile -i, --input-position=<bytes> starting position of domain in input file [0] -I, --verify-input-size verify input file size with size in mapfile -J, --verify-on-error reread latest good sector after every error -K, --skip-size=[<i>][,<max>] initial,maximum size to skip on read error -L, --loose-domain accept unordered domain mapfile with gaps -m, --domain-mapfile=<file> restrict domain to finished blocks in <file> -M, --retrim mark all failed blocks as non-trimmed -n, --no-scrape skip the scraping phase -N, --no-trim skip the trimming phase -o, --output-position=<bytes> starting position in output file [ipos] -O, --reopen-on-error reopen input file after every read error -p, --preallocate preallocate space on disc for output file -P, --data-preview[=<lines>] show some lines of the latest data read [3] -q, --quiet suppress all messages -r, --retry-passes=<n> exit after <n> retry passes (-1=infinity) [0] -R, --reverse reverse the direction of all passes -s, --size=<bytes> maximum size of input data to be copied -S, --sparse use sparse writes for output file -t, --truncate truncate output file to zero size -T, --timeout=<interval> maximum time since last successful read -u, --unidirectional run all passes in the same direction -v, --verbose be verbose (a 2nd -v gives more) -w, --ignore-write-errors make fill mode ignore write errors -W, --compare-before-write omit superfluous writes in rescue mode -x, --extend-outfile=<bytes> extend outfile size to be at least this long -X, --max-read-errors=<n> maximum number of read errors allowed -y, --synchronous use synchronous writes for output file -Z, --max-read-rate=<bytes> maximum read rate in bytes/s --ask ask for confirmation before starting the copy --command-mode execute commands from standard input --cpass=<range> select what copying pass(es) to run --delay-slow=<interval> initial delay before checking slow reads [30] --log-events=<file> log significant events in <file> --log-rates=<file> log rates and error sizes in <file> --log-reads=<file> log all read operations in <file> --mapfile-interval=[i][,i] save/sync mapfile at given interval [auto] --max-slow-reads=<n> maximum number of slow reads allowed --pause-on-error=<interval> time to wait after each read error [0] --pause-on-pass=<interval> time to wait between passes [0] --reset-slow reset slow reads if rate rises above min --same-file allow infile and outfile to be the same file Numbers may be in decimal, hexadecimal, or octal, and may be followed by a multiplier: s = sectors, k = 1000, Ki = 1024, M = 10^6, Mi = 2^20, etc... Time intervals have the format 1[.5][smhd] or 1/2[smhd]. Exit status: 0 for a normal exit, 1 for environmental problems (file not found, invalid command line options, I/O errors, etc), 2 to indi- cate a corrupt or invalid input file, 3 for an internal consistency er- ror (e.g., bug) which caused ddrescue to panic. REPORTING BUGS Report bugs to bug-ddrescue@gnu.org Ddrescue home page: http://www.gnu.org/software/ddrescue/ddrescue.html General help using GNU software: http://www.gnu.org/gethelp COPYRIGHT Copyright (C) 2023 Antonio Diaz Diaz. License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html> This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. SEE ALSO The full documentation for ddrescue is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and ddrescue programs are properly installed at your site, the command info ddrescue should give you access to the complete manual. GNU ddrescue 1.27 January 2023 DDRESCUE(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | REPORTING BUGS | COPYRIGHT | SEE ALSO
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