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FPART(1) General Commands Manual FPART(1) NAME fpart -- Sort and pack files into partitions SYNOPSIS fpart [-h] [-V] -n num | -f files | -s size [-i infile] [-a] [-o outfile] [-0] [-e] [-P] [-v] [-l] [-b] [-y pattern] [-Y pattern] [-x pattern] [-X pattern] [-z] [-zz] [-zzz] [-Z] [-d depth] [-D] [-E] [-L] [-S] [-w cmd] [-W cmd] [-R cmd] [-p num] [-q num] [-r num] [FILE or DIR...] DESCRIPTION The fpart utility helps you sort file trees and pack them into bags (called "partitions"). GENERAL OPTIONS -h, --help Print help -V, --version Print version PARTITION CONTROL -n num, --parts num Create exactly num partitions and try to generate partitions with the same size and number of files. This option cannot be used in conjunction with -f, -s or -L. -f files, --files files Create partitions containing at most files files or directo- ries. This option can be used in conjunction with -s and -L. -s size, --size size Create partitions with a maximum size of size bytes. With this option, a special partition 0 may be used to handle files that do not fit in a regular partition, given the provided size limit. This option can be used in conjunction with -f and -L. You can use a human-friendly unit suffix here (k, m, g, t, p). INPUT CONTROL -i infile Read file list from infile. If infile is "-", then list is read from stdin. -a, --arbitrary Input contains arbitrary values; just sort them (do not crawl filesystem). Input must follow the "size(blank)path" scheme. This option is incompatible with crawling-related options. OUTPUT CONTROL -o outfile Output partitions' contents to outfile template. Multiple files will be generated given that template. Each outfile will get partition number as a suffix. If outfile is "-", then par- titions will be printed to stdout, with partition number used as a prefix (so you can grep partitions you are interested in, or do whatever you want). -0 End filenames with a null ('\0') character when using option -o. -e When adding directories (see "DIRECTORY HANDLING" ), add a trailing "/" to each directory entry. -P Add parent directories when closing partitions. That option can be used in conjunction with -zzz to produce partitions that can be synchronized in parallel with tools such as cpio(1), pax(1) or tar(1). Adding parent directories at the end of each partition ensures that modification times get reapplied to di- rectories whatever the processing order of partitions is. Di- rectories added that way are 0-sized and not subject to parti- tion counters (for example, a file limit given using option -f will be exceeded by n parent directories). Also, they are not subject to inclusion/exclusion options ( -y, -Y, -x, -X) and they always have a trailing "/" even if option -e has not been used (this simplifies symlinks handling as we always want to add targets here, never the links themselves). That option may lead to creating duplicate directory entries when next parti- tion begins with a directory entry that has already been added as a parent when closing the previous partition. Only interme- diate partitions will get parent directories added, not the very last one which gets its parents through option -zzz when fts(3) crawling finishes. Requires live mode (option -L). -v, --verbose Verbose mode (may be specified more than once). FILESYSTEM CRAWLING CONTROL -l Follow symbolic links (default: do not follow). -b Do not cross filesystem boundaries (default: cross). -y pattern, --include pattern Include files or directories matching pattern only (and discard all other files). This option may be specified several times. Pattern may be a leaf (file or directory) name or a specific path. Shell pattern matching characters ("[", "]", "*", "?") may be used. Include patterns are ignored when computing size of directories. -Y pattern Same as -y but case insensitive. This option may not be avail- able on your platform (at least FreeBSD and GNU/Linux support it, Solaris does not). -x pattern, --exclude pattern Exclude files or directories matching pattern. This option can be used in conjunction with -y and -Y. In this case, exclusion is performed after. This option may be specified several times. Pattern may be a leaf (file or directory) name or a specific path. Shell pattern matching characters ("[", "]", "*", "?") may be used. Exclude patterns also apply when com- puting size of directories. -X pattern Same as -x but case insensitive. This option may not be avail- able on your platform (at least FreeBSD and GNU/Linux support it, Solaris does not). DIRECTORY HANDLING -z Pack empty directories. By default, fpart will pack files only (except when using the -d or -D options). This option can be useful for tools such as rsync(1) to be able to recreate a full file tree when used with fpart (e.g. using rsync's --files-from option). See the -zz option to also pack un-readable directo- ries. -zz Treat un-readable or erroneous (partly-read) directories as empty, causing them to be packed anyway. Partly-read (non- empty) directories can end up being packed while some of their children have already been packed. -zzz Pack all directories (as empty). Useful when 3rd party tools need directory entries to update them (e.g. cpio(1), pax(1) or tar(1) ). -Z Pack un-readable/erroneous directories in dedicated partitions. This option helps isolating erroneous parts of a filesystem. Used in conjunction with FPART_PARTERRNO variable, hooks can try to handle or work around the error. Requires live mode (option -L) and option -zz (- or -zzz) -d depth After a certain depth, pack directories instead of files (di- rectories themselves will be added to partitions, instead of their content). You can force a specific file to be packed anyway by listing it on the command line explicitly. -D, --leaf-dirs Implies -z. Pack leaf directories: if a directory contains files only, it will be packed as a single entry. You can force a specific file to be packed anyway by listing it on the com- mand line explicitly. -E, --dirs-only Implies -D. Pack directories only (work on a per-directory ba- sis): in that mode, no file will be packed. Instead, each di- rectory will be packed as a single entry with a size being the sum of all top-level files' sizes. You can force a specific file to be packed anyway by listing it on the command line ex- plicitly. LIVE MODE -L, --live Live mode (default: disabled). When using this mode, parti- tions will be generated while crawling filesystem. This option saves time and memory but will never produce special partition 0 (see options -s and -S ). As a consequence, it will generate partitions slightly larger than the size specified with option -s. This option can be used in conjunction with options -f and -s, but not with option -n. -S Skip big files (default: disabled). In live mode, no special partition 0 can be produced and big files are added to the cur- rent partition as they are found while crawling the filesystem. That can lead to huge partitions. That option makes fpart skip files bigger than the specified maximum partition size (option -s ) and print them to stdout (even when using option -o ) as belonging to a pseudo-partition S (as in 'S'kipped). It allows a consumer to handle them immediately through a separate process (no fpart hook will be executed for skipped files). That option can only be used in Live mode (option -L ), when a maximum partition size has been given (option -s ). -w cmd, --pre-part-cmd cmd When using live mode, execute cmd when starting a new partition (before having opened next output file, if any). cmd is run in a specific environment that provides several variables describ- ing the state of the program: FPART_HOOKTYPE ("pre-part", "post-part" or "post-run"), FPART_PARTFILENAME (current parti- tion's output file name), FPART_PARTNUMBER (current partition number), FPART_PARTSIZE (current partition's size), FPART_TOTALSIZE (total partitions' size), FPART_PARTNUMFILES (number of files packed in current partition), FPART_TOTALNUMFILES (total number of files packed so far), FPART_PARTERRNO (0 if every single partition's entry has been read without error, else last erroneous entry's errno. For er- ror detection to work properly, you may need to rebuild fpart using embedded fts(3) library, depending on the version shipped with your OS), FPART_PID (PID of fpart), FPART_TOTALNUMPARTS (total number of partitions generated so far). Variables may or may not be defined, depending on requested options and cur- rent partition's state when the hook is triggered. Hooks are executed in a synchronous way while crawling filesystem, so 1) avoid executing commands that take a long time to return as it slows down filesystem crawling and 2) do not presume cwd (PWD) is the one fpart has been started in, as it is regularly changed to speed up crawling (i.e. use absolute paths within hooks). Size-related variables are affected by preloading, overloading and rounding options. -W cmd, --post-part-cmd cmd Same as -w, but executes cmd when finishing a partition (after having closed last output file, if any). -R cmd, --post-run-cmd cmd Same as -w and -W but executes cmd just once before exiting. Note that only FPART_TOTALSIZE and FPART_TOTALNUMFILES environ- ment variables are available in post-run hooks. SIZE HANDLING -p num Preload each partition with num bytes. You can use a human- friendly unit suffix here (k, m, g, t, p). -q num Overload each file size with num bytes. You can use a human- friendly unit suffix here (k, m, g, t, p). -r num Round each file size up to next num bytes multiple. This op- tion can be used in conjunction with overloading, which is done *before* rounding. You can use a human-friendly unit suffix here (k, m, g, t, p). EXAMPLES Here are some examples: fpart -n 3 -o var-parts /var Produce 3 partitions, with (hopefully) the same size and number of files. Three files: var-parts.1, var-parts.2 and var- parts.3 are generated as output. fpart -s 4724464025 -o music-parts /path/to/music ./*.mp3 Produce partitions of 4.4 GB, containing music files from /path/to/music as well as MP3 files from current directory; with such a partition size, each partition content will be ready to be burnt to a DVD. Files music-parts.0 to music- parts.n, are generated as output. find /usr ! -type d | fpart -f 10000 -i - /home | grep '^1 ' Produce partitions containing 10000 files each by examining /usr first and then /home and display only partition 1 on std- out. du * | fpart -n 2 -a Produce two partitions by using du(1) output. Fpart will not examine the file system but instead use arbitrary values printed by du(1) and sort them. SEE ALSO du(1), find(1), fpsync(1), grep(1), rsync(1) AUTHOR, AVAILABILITY Fpart has been written by Ganael LAPLANCHE and is available under the BSD license on http://contribs.martymac.org BUGS No bug known (yet). FreeBSD ports 15.0 November 18, 2011 FPART(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | GENERAL OPTIONS | PARTITION CONTROL | INPUT CONTROL | OUTPUT CONTROL | FILESYSTEM CRAWLING CONTROL | DIRECTORY HANDLING | LIVE MODE | SIZE HANDLING | EXAMPLES | SEE ALSO | AUTHOR, AVAILABILITY | BUGS
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