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GFDL(7)				      GNU			       GFDL(7)

NAME
       gfdl - GNU Free Documentation License

DESCRIPTION
       @comment	For some cases,	this default @node/@unnumbered is not
       applicable and @comment causes warnings.	 In those cases, the including
       file can	set @comment nodefaultgnufreedocumentationlicensenode and
       provide it's own	version.  @comment F.i., when this file	is included in
       an @raisesections context, the @comment including file can use an
       @unnumberedsec.

   GNU Free Documentation License
   Version 1.3,	3 November 2008
	       Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software	Foundation, Inc.
	       E<lt>B<https://www.fsf.org>E<gt>

	       Everyone	is permitted to	copy and distribute verbatim copies
	       of this license document, but changing it is not	allowed.

       0.  PREAMBLE

	   The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
	   functional  and  useful  document  free in the sense	of freedom: to
	   assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute  it,
	   with	   or	without	  modifying   it,   either   commercially   or
	   noncommercially.   Secondarily,  this  License  preserves  for  the
	   author  and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not
	   being considered responsible	for modifications made by others.

	   This	License	is a kind of "copyleft", which means  that  derivative
	   works  of  the  document must themselves be free in the same	sense.
	   It complements the GNU General Public License, which	is a  copyleft
	   license designed for	free software.

	   We  have  designed  this License in order to	use it for manuals for
	   free	software, because free software	needs  free  documentation:  a
	   free	 program  should come with manuals providing the same freedoms
	   that	the software  does.   But  this	 License  is  not  limited  to
	   software  manuals;  it can be used for any textual work, regardless
	   of subject matter or	whether	it is published	as a printed book.  We
	   recommend this License  principally	for  works  whose  purpose  is
	   instruction or reference.

       1.  APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

	   This	 License  applies  to any manual or other work,	in any medium,
	   that	contains a notice placed by the	copyright holder saying	it can
	   be distributed under	the terms of  this  License.   Such  a	notice
	   grants  a  world-wide, royalty-free license,	unlimited in duration,
	   to  use  that  work	under  the  conditions	stated	herein.	   The
	   "Document",	below,	refers to any such manual or work.  Any	member
	   of the public is a licensee,	and is addressed as "you".  You	accept
	   the license if you copy, modify or distribute the  work  in	a  way
	   requiring permission	under copyright	law.

	   A  "Modified	Version" of the	Document means any work	containing the
	   Document or a portion  of  it,  either  copied  verbatim,  or  with
	   modifications and/or	translated into	another	language.

	   A "Secondary	Section" is a named appendix or	a front-matter section
	   of the Document that	deals exclusively with the relationship	of the
	   publishers  or  authors  of	the Document to	the Document's overall
	   subject (or to related matters) and	contains  nothing  that	 could
	   fall	 directly within that overall subject.	(Thus, if the Document
	   is in part a	textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section  may  not
	   explain  any	 mathematics.)	 The relationship could	be a matter of
	   historical connection with the subject or with related matters,  or
	   of  legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position
	   regarding them.

	   The "Invariant  Sections"  are  certain  Secondary  Sections	 whose
	   titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections,	in the
	   notice  that	says that the Document is released under this License.
	   If a	section	does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it
	   is not allowed to be	designated as  Invariant.   The	 Document  may
	   contain zero	Invariant Sections.  If	the Document does not identify
	   any Invariant Sections then there are none.

	   The	"Cover	Texts"	are  certain  short  passages of text that are
	   listed, as Front-Cover Texts	or Back-Cover  Texts,  in  the	notice
	   that	 says  that  the  Document  is released	under this License.  A
	   Front-Cover Text may	be at most 5 words, and	a Back-Cover Text  may
	   be at most 25 words.

	   A "Transparent" copy	of the Document	means a	machine-readable copy,
	   represented	in  a  format  whose specification is available	to the
	   general  public,  that  is  suitable	 for  revising	the   document
	   straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed
	   of  pixels)	generic	 paint	programs or (for drawings) some	widely
	   available drawing editor, and that is suitable for  input  to  text
	   formatters  or  for	automatic  translation to a variety of formats
	   suitable for	input to text formatters.  A copy made in an otherwise
	   Transparent file format whose markup, or  absence  of  markup,  has
	   been	 arranged  to  thwart or discourage subsequent modification by
	   readers is not Transparent.	An image format	is not Transparent  if
	   used	 for  any  substantial	amount	of  text.   A copy that	is not
	   "Transparent" is called "Opaque".

	   Examples of suitable	formats	for Transparent	copies	include	 plain
	   ASCII  without  markup,  Texinfo  input format, LaTeX input format,
	   SGML	or XML using a publicly	available DTD, and standard-conforming
	   simple HTML,	PostScript or PDF  designed  for  human	 modification.
	   Examples  of	 transparent  image  formats include PNG, XCF and JPG.
	   Opaque formats include proprietary formats that  can	 be  read  and
	   edited  only	 by proprietary	word processors, SGML or XML for which
	   the DTD and/or processing tools are not  generally  available,  and
	   the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word
	   processors for output purposes only.

	   The	"Title Page" means, for	a printed book,	the title page itself,
	   plus	such following pages as	 are  needed  to  hold,	 legibly,  the
	   material  this  License  requires to	appear in the title page.  For
	   works in formats which do not have any title	page as	 such,	"Title
	   Page"  means	 the  text  near  the most prominent appearance	of the
	   work's title, preceding the beginning of the	body of	the text.

	   The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes	copies
	   of the Document to the public.

	   A  section  "Entitled  XYZ"	means  a named subunit of the Document
	   whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in  parentheses
	   following  text that	translates XYZ in another language.  (Here XYZ
	   stands for  a  specific  section  name  mentioned  below,  such  as
	   "Acknowledgements",	"Dedications",	"Endorsements",	or "History".)
	   To "Preserve	the Title" of such  a  section	when  you  modify  the
	   Document  means  that it remains a section "Entitled	XYZ" according
	   to this definition.

	   The Document	may include Warranty Disclaimers next  to  the	notice
	   which  states  that	this  License  applies to the Document.	 These
	   Warranty Disclaimers	are considered to be included by reference  in
	   this	License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
	   implication	that  these  Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and
	   has no effect on the	meaning	of this	License.

       2.  VERBATIM COPYING

	   You may copy	and distribute the  Document  in  any  medium,	either
	   commercially	 or  noncommercially,  provided	that this License, the
	   copyright notices, and  the	license	 notice	 saying	 this  License
	   applies  to the Document are	reproduced in all copies, and that you
	   add no other	conditions whatsoever to those of this	License.   You
	   may	not  use technical measures to obstruct	or control the reading
	   or further copying of the copies you	make or	distribute.   However,
	   you	may  accept  compensation  in  exchange	 for  copies.	If you
	   distribute a	large enough number of copies you must also follow the
	   conditions in section 3.

	   You may also	lend copies, under the same conditions	stated	above,
	   and you may publicly	display	copies.

       3.  COPYING IN QUANTITY

	   If  you  publish  printed  copies (or copies	in media that commonly
	   have	printed	covers)	of the Document, numbering more	than 100,  and
	   the	Document's  license  notice  requires  Cover  Texts,  you must
	   enclose the copies in covers	that carry, clearly and	 legibly,  all
	   these  Cover	Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the	front cover, and Back-
	   Cover Texts on the back cover.  Both	covers must also  clearly  and
	   legibly  identify  you as the publisher of these copies.  The front
	   cover must present the full title  with  all	 words	of  the	 title
	   equally  prominent  and visible.  You may add other material	on the
	   covers in addition.	Copying	with changes limited to	the covers, as
	   long	as they	preserve the title of the Document and	satisfy	 these
	   conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.

	   If  the  required  texts for	either cover are too voluminous	to fit
	   legibly, you	should put the first  ones  listed  (as	 many  as  fit
	   reasonably)	on  the	 actual	 cover,	 and  continue	the  rest onto
	   adjacent pages.

	   If  you  publish  or	 distribute  Opaque  copies  of	 the  Document
	   numbering more than 100, you	must either include a machine-readable
	   Transparent	copy  along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with
	   each	Opaque copy a computer-network location	from which the general
	   network-using public	has access to download	using  public-standard
	   network protocols a complete	Transparent copy of the	Document, free
	   of  added  material.	  If  you use the latter option, you must take
	   reasonably prudent steps, when you  begin  distribution  of	Opaque
	   copies  in  quantity,  to  ensure  that  this Transparent copy will
	   remain thus accessible at the stated	location until	at  least  one
	   year	after the last time you	distribute an Opaque copy (directly or
	   through your	agents or retailers) of	that edition to	the public.

	   It  is requested, but not required, that you	contact	the authors of
	   the Document	well before redistributing any large number of copies,
	   to give them	a chance to provide you	with an	updated	version	of the
	   Document.

       4.  MODIFICATIONS

	   You may copy	and distribute a  Modified  Version  of	 the  Document
	   under  the  conditions of sections 2	and 3 above, provided that you
	   release the Modified	Version	under precisely	this License, with the
	   Modified Version filling the	role of	the Document,  thus  licensing
	   distribution	 and  modification  of the Modified Version to whoever
	   possesses a copy of it.  In addition, you must do these  things  in
	   the Modified	Version:

	   A.  Use  in	the  Title  Page  (and	on the covers, if any) a title
	       distinct	from that of the Document, and from those of  previous
	       versions	 (which	 should,  if  there were any, be listed	in the
	       History section of the Document).  You may use the  same	 title
	       as a previous version if	the original publisher of that version
	       gives permission.

	   B.  List  on	 the  Title  Page,  as authors,	one or more persons or
	       entities	responsible for	authorship of the modifications	in the
	       Modified	Version, together with at least	five of	the  principal
	       authors	of  the	 Document (all of its principal	authors, if it
	       has fewer  than	five),	unless	they  release  you  from  this
	       requirement.

	   C.  State  on  the  Title  page  the	 name  of the publisher	of the
	       Modified	Version, as the	publisher.

	   D.  Preserve	all the	copyright notices of the Document.

	   E.  Add an appropriate  copyright  notice  for  your	 modifications
	       adjacent	to the other copyright notices.

	   F.  Include,	 immediately  after  the  copyright notices, a license
	       notice giving the public	permission to use the Modified Version
	       under the terms of this License,	 in  the  form	shown  in  the
	       Addendum	below.

	   G.  Preserve	 in  that  license  notice the full lists of Invariant
	       Sections	and required  Cover  Texts  given  in  the  Document's
	       license notice.

	   H.  Include an unaltered copy of this License.

	   I.  Preserve	 the  section  Entitled	"History", Preserve its	Title,
	       and add to it an	item stating at	least  the  title,  year,  new
	       authors,	 and publisher of the Modified Version as given	on the
	       Title Page.  If there is	no section Entitled "History"  in  the
	       Document,  create  one  stating	the  title, year, authors, and
	       publisher of the	Document as given on its Title Page, then  add
	       an  item	 describing  the  Modified  Version  as	 stated	in the
	       previous	sentence.

	   J.  Preserve	the network location, if any, given  in	 the  Document
	       for  public  access  to a Transparent copy of the Document, and
	       likewise	the  network  locations	 given	in  the	 Document  for
	       previous	 versions it was based on.  These may be placed	in the
	       "History" section.  You may omit	a network location for a  work
	       that  was  published  at	 least	four years before the Document
	       itself, or if the original publisher of the version  it	refers
	       to gives	permission.

	   K.  For  any	 section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or	"Dedications",
	       Preserve	the Title of the section, and preserve in the  section
	       all   the  substance  and  tone	of  each  of  the  contributor
	       acknowledgements	and/or dedications given therein.

	   L.  Preserve	all the	Invariant Sections of the Document,  unaltered
	       in  their  text	and  in	 their titles.	Section	numbers	or the
	       equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.

	   M.  Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements".  Such a section may
	       not be included in the Modified Version.

	   N.  Do  not	retitle	 any   existing	  section   to	 be   Entitled
	       "Endorsements"  or  to  conflict	 in  title  with any Invariant
	       Section.

	   O.  Preserve	any Warranty Disclaimers.

	   If the Modified  Version  includes  new  front-matter  sections  or
	   appendices  that  qualify  as  Secondary  Sections  and  contain no
	   material copied from	the Document, you may at your option designate
	   some	or all of these	sections as invariant.	To do this, add	 their
	   titles  to the list of Invariant Sections in	the Modified Version's
	   license notice.  These titles  must	be  distinct  from  any	 other
	   section titles.

	   You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
	   nothing  but	 endorsements  of  your	 Modified  Version  by various
	   parties---for example, statements of	peer review or that  the  text
	   has	 been	approved  by  an  organization	as  the	 authoritative
	   definition of a standard.

	   You may add a passage of up to five words as	 a  Front-Cover	 Text,
	   and a passage of up to 25 words as a	Back-Cover Text, to the	end of
	   the	list of	Cover Texts in the Modified Version.  Only one passage
	   of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by  (or
	   through  arrangements  made	by)  any  one entity.  If the Document
	   already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously	 added
	   by  you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on
	   behalf of, you may not add another; but you	may  replace  the  old
	   one,	 on explicit permission	from the previous publisher that added
	   the old one.

	   The author(s) and publisher(s) of  the  Document  do	 not  by  this
	   License  give permission to use their names for publicity for or to
	   assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

       5.  COMBINING DOCUMENTS

	   You may combine the Document	with other  documents  released	 under
	   this	 License,  under  the  terms  defined  in  section 4 above for
	   modified versions, provided that you	include	in the combination all
	   of the  Invariant  Sections	of  all	 of  the  original  documents,
	   unmodified,	and  list  them	 all  as  Invariant  Sections  of your
	   combined work in its	license	notice,	 and  that  you	 preserve  all
	   their Warranty Disclaimers.

	   The	combined  work need only contain one copy of this License, and
	   multiple identical Invariant	Sections may be	replaced with a	single
	   copy.  If there are multiple	Invariant Sections with	the same  name
	   but	different contents, make the title of each such	section	unique
	   by adding at	the end	 of  it,  in  parentheses,  the	 name  of  the
	   original  author  or	 publisher of that section if known, or	else a
	   unique number.  Make	the same adjustment to the section  titles  in
	   the	list  of  Invariant  Sections  in  the	license	 notice	of the
	   combined work.

	   In  the  combination,  you  must  combine  any  sections   Entitled
	   "History"  in  the  various original	documents, forming one section
	   Entitled  "History";	 likewise  combine   any   sections   Entitled
	   "Acknowledgements",	and  any sections Entitled "Dedications".  You
	   must	delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements."

       6.  COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

	   You may make	a collection consisting	 of  the  Document  and	 other
	   documents  released	under this License, and	replace	the individual
	   copies of this License in the various documents with	a single  copy
	   that	 is  included  in the collection, provided that	you follow the
	   rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents
	   in all other	respects.

	   You may extract a single  document  from  such  a  collection,  and
	   distribute  it individually under this License, provided you	insert
	   a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
	   License in all other	respects regarding verbatim  copying  of  that
	   document.

       7.  AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT	WORKS

	   A  compilation  of  the  Document  or  its  derivatives  with other
	   separate and	independent documents or works,	in or on a volume of a
	   storage or distribution medium, is called  an  "aggregate"  if  the
	   copyright  resulting	 from the compilation is not used to limit the
	   legal rights	of the compilation's users beyond what the  individual
	   works  permit.  When	the Document is	included in an aggregate, this
	   License does	not apply to the other works in	 the  aggregate	 which
	   are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

	   If  the  Cover Text requirement of section 3	is applicable to these
	   copies of the Document, then	if the Document	is less	than one  half
	   of  the  entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be	placed
	   on covers that bracket the Document within the  aggregate,  or  the
	   electronic  equivalent  of  covers if the Document is in electronic
	   form.  Otherwise they must appear on	printed	 covers	 that  bracket
	   the whole aggregate.

       8.  TRANSLATION

	   Translation	is  considered	a  kind	 of  modification,  so you may
	   distribute translations of the Document under the terms of  section
	   4.  Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
	   permission  from  their  copyright  holders,	 but  you  may include
	   translations	of some	or all Invariant Sections in addition  to  the
	   original  versions  of these	Invariant Sections.  You may include a
	   translation of this License,	and all	the  license  notices  in  the
	   Document,  and  any	Warranty  Disclaimers,	provided that you also
	   include the original	 English  version  of  this  License  and  the
	   original  versions  of those	notices	and disclaimers.  In case of a
	   disagreement	between	the translation	and the	 original  version  of
	   this	 License  or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will
	   prevail.

	   If a	 section  in  the  Document  is	 Entitled  "Acknowledgements",
	   "Dedications",   or	"History",  the	 requirement  (section	4)  to
	   Preserve its	Title (section 1) will typically require changing  the
	   actual title.

       9.  TERMINATION

	   You	may  not  copy,	modify,	sublicense, or distribute the Document
	   except as expressly	provided  under	 this  License.	  Any  attempt
	   otherwise  to  copy,	 modify, sublicense, or	distribute it is void,
	   and will automatically terminate your rights	under this License.

	   However, if you cease all violation	of  this  License,  then  your
	   license  from  a  particular	 copyright  holder  is	reinstated (a)
	   provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder	explicitly and
	   finally terminates  your  license,  and  (b)	 permanently,  if  the
	   copyright  holder  fails  to	 notify	 you  of the violation by some
	   reasonable means prior to 60	days after the cessation.

	   Moreover, your  license  from  a  particular	 copyright  holder  is
	   reinstated  permanently if the copyright holder notifies you	of the
	   violation by	some reasonable	means, this is the first time you have
	   received notice of violation	of this	License	(for  any  work)  from
	   that	 copyright holder, and you cure	the violation prior to 30 days
	   after your receipt of the notice.

	   Termination of your rights under this section  does	not  terminate
	   the licenses	of parties who have received copies or rights from you
	   under  this	License.   If your rights have been terminated and not
	   permanently reinstated, receipt of a	copy of	some  or  all  of  the
	   same	material does not give you any rights to use it.

       10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

	   The	Free  Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of
	   the GNU Free	Documentation License from time	 to  time.   Such  new
	   versions  will be similar in	spirit to the present version, but may
	   differ  in  detail  to  address  new	 problems  or  concerns.   See
	   <https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/>.

	   Each	 version  of  the  License  is	given a	distinguishing version
	   number.  If the  Document  specifies	 that  a  particular  numbered
	   version  of	this License "or any later version" applies to it, you
	   have	the option of following	the terms  and	conditions  either  of
	   that	 specified  version  or	 of  any  later	 version that has been
	   published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.	If the
	   Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may
	   choose any version ever published (not as  a	 draft)	 by  the  Free
	   Software  Foundation.   If  the Document specifies that a proxy can
	   decide which	future versions	of this	 License  can  be  used,  that
	   proxy's  public  statement  of  acceptance of a version permanently
	   authorizes you to choose that version for the Document.

       11. RELICENSING

	   "Massive Multiauthor	Collaboration Site" (or	"MMC Site") means  any
	   World  Wide	Web server that	publishes copyrightable	works and also
	   provides prominent facilities for anybody to	edit those  works.   A
	   public  wiki	 that anybody can edit is an example of	such a server.
	   A "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained  in  the
	   site	means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC
	   site.

	   "CC-BY-SA"  means  the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
	   license published by	Creative Commons Corporation, a	not-for-profit
	   corporation with a principal	place of business  in  San  Francisco,
	   California,	as  well  as  future copyleft versions of that license
	   published by	that same organization.

	   "Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or
	   in part, as part of another Document.

	   An MMC is "eligible for relicensing"	if it is licensed  under  this
	   License,  and  if  all  works  that were first published under this
	   License  somewhere  other   than   this   MMC,   and	  subsequently
	   incorporated	 in  whole  or	in part	into the MMC, (1) had no cover
	   texts or invariant sections,	and (2)	were thus  incorporated	 prior
	   to November 1, 2008.

	   The	operator  of an	MMC Site may republish an MMC contained	in the
	   site	under CC-BY-SA on the same site	at any time before  August  1,
	   2009, provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.

   ADDENDUM: How to use	this License for your documents
       To  use	this License in	a document you have written, include a copy of
       the License in the document and put the following copyright and license
       notices just after the title page:

		 Copyright (C)	<year>	<your name>.
		 Permission is granted to copy,	distribute and/or modify this document
		 under the terms of the	GNU Free Documentation License,	Version	1.3
		 or any	later version published	by the Free Software Foundation;
		 with no Invariant Sections, no	Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
		 Texts.	 A copy	of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
		 Free Documentation License".

       If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover	Texts,
       replace the "with...Texts." line	with this:

		   with	the Invariant Sections being <list their titles>, with
		   the Front-Cover Texts being <list>, and with	the Back-Cover Texts
		   being <list>.

       If you have Invariant Sections  without	Cover  Texts,  or  some	 other
       combination  of	the  three,  merge  those two alternatives to suit the
       situation.

       If your document	contains  nontrivial  examples	of  program  code,  we
       recommend  releasing  these  examples  in parallel under	your choice of
       free software license, such as  the  GNU	 General  Public  License,  to
       permit their use	in free	software.

SEE ALSO
       gpl(7), fsf-funding(7).

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright  (c)  2000,  2001, 2002, 2007,	2008 Free Software Foundation,
       Inc.  <https://www.fsf.org>

       Everyone	is permitted to	copy and distribute verbatim  copies  of  this
       license document, but changing it is not	allowed.

gcc-14.2.0			  2024-08-01			       GFDL(7)

Want to link to this manual page? Use this URL:
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