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UNTITLED() LOCAL UNTITLED() NAME gnupg-pkcs11-scd -- GnuPG-compatible smart-card daemon with PKCS#11 support SYNOPSIS gnupg-pkcs11-scd [--server] [--multi-server] [--daemon] [--homedir dir] [--uid-acl uid] [--verbose] [--quiet] [--sh] [--csh] [--options file] [--no-detach] [--log-file file] [--help] DESCRIPTION gnupg-pkcs11-scd is a drop-in replacement for the smart-card daemon (scd) shipped with the next-generation GnuPG (gnupg-2). The daemon in- terfaces to smart-cards by using RSA Security Inc. PKCS#11 Crypto- graphic Token Interface (Cryptoki). The interface with GnuPG is restricted to feching existing keys from the card. Neither new key generation nor key transfer is possible through this interface. Instead, when the smart-card is asked to gener- ate a key in a particular slot, the existing public key in that slot is returned. This facilitates the transfer of keys on the smart-card to usage as a subkey on an existing GnuPG master key. See the GNUPG INTE- GRATION section for example usage. The following options are available: --server Run in server mode (foreground). If not redirected, input and out- put are over stdin/stdout. --multi-server Run in multi-server mode (foreground). In addition to communicating over stdin/stdout, the server also opens an additional listening UNIX socket. --daemon Detach and run in background. --homedir dir Use this home directory instead of guessing. --uid-acl uid Create unix socket as world read/write and apply access control that accepts only remote processes of this uid. Usable for proxy scenario. --verbose Be verbose while running. --quiet Be as quiet as possible. --sh Output sh-style environment variable definition. --csh Output csh-style environment variable definition. --options file Read options from file. Some of the configuration options can only be set in the configuration file (see the "CONFIGURATION" section). --no-detach Do not detach from console (useful for debugging purposes). --log-file file Output log to file. --help Print help information. When the daemon receives any of the SIGHUP, SIGTERM and SIGINT signals, it cleans up and exits. gnupg-pkcs11-scd works only with already personalized cards, and sup- ports (for the time being) only RSA key pairs. The following con- straints must be satisfied: 1. For each private key object, a certificate object must exist on the card. The existence of the corresponding public key object is not important (since the certificate includes public key). 2. The certificate and the corresponding private key must have iden- tical CKA_ID attribute. The PKCS#11 implementation is not obliged to enforce any of the above rules. However, practice has shown that popular PKCS#11 implementa- tions found "in the wild" seem to respect them. NOTES Unlike gpg-agent, gnupg-pkcs11-scd supports more than one token avail- able at the same time. In order to make gpg-agent happy, gnupg-pkcs11-scd always returns the same card serial number to gpg- agent. When unavailable token is requested, gnupg-pkcs11-scd will use NEEDPIN callback in order to ask for the requested token. When and if gpg-agent will support more than one serial number or NEEDTOKEN call- back, this behavior will be modified. ENVIRONMENT HOME Used to locate the home directory. GNUPGHOME Used instead of ~/.gnupg. USERPROFILE Used only on Win32 to locate the home directory. GNUPG_PKCS11_SOCKETDIR Create sockets in this directory, default to TMPDIR. Additionally, the \\Software\\GNU\\GnuPG\\HomeDir registry key is used on Win32 to locate the default GNUPGHOME. FILES Files affecting the operation of gnupg-pkcs11-scd: ~/.gnupg/gnupg-pkcs11-scd.conf gnupg-pkcs11-scd uses this as a default configuration file. /etc/gnupg-pkcs11-scd.conf gnupg-pkcs11-scd uses this as a default system wide configura- tion file. ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf Default configuration file for gpg-agent. CONFIGURATION To tell gpg-agent to use another smart-card daemon, the following needs to be put in ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf: scdaemon-program /usr/bin/gnupg-pkcs11-scd pinentry-program /usr/bin/pinentry-qt The first line is mandatory in order to use gnupg-pkcs11-scd. With the second line you can set your preferred pinentry program (it has to be one compatible with GnuPG). Of course, you need to adjust the paths ac- cording to your system setup. An example ~/.gnupg/gnupg-pkcs11-scd.conf file (lines beginning with # are comments): # Log file. #log-file log1 # Default is not verbose. #verbose # Default is no debugging. #debug-all # Pin cache period in seconds; default is infinite. #pin-cache 20 # Use the gnupg PIN cache (>=gnupg-2.3.0) #use-gnupg-pin-cache # Comma-separated list of available provider names. Then set # attributes for each provider using the provider-[name]-attribute # syntax. providers p1 # Provider attributes (see below for detailed description) provider-p1-library /usr/lib/pkcs11/p1.so #provider-p1-allow-protected-auth #provider-p1-cert-private #provider-p1-private-mask 0 # The following are for >=gnupg-2.0 and <gnupg-2.1.19 #openpgp-sign 5C661B8C07CFD957F7D98D5B9A0F31D236BFAC2A #openpgp-encr D2DC0BD1EDD185969748B6025B452816F97CBA57 #openpgp-auth A7B8C1A3A8F71FCEC018886F8767927B9C8D871F The following attributes can be set for each provider: library Full path to the PKCS#11 shared library (= provider). allow-protected-auth Allow protected authentication for provider. This needs to be sup- ported by the provider and you should have appropriate reader hard- ware. cert-private Authentication is required before certificates can be accessed. Most configurations store certificates as public, so there is no need to use this option. private-mask Private key mask mode. Use this only when you have problem using private key operations. The value is hex encoded mask number. 0 Determine automatically. 1 Force sign. 2 Force sign with recovery. 4 Force decrypt. 8 Force decrypt with unwrap. openpgp-sign [gnupg-2.0] Hex string (Upper letter, no space) SHA1 of signing public key see GNUPG INTEGRATION how to obtain. openpgp-encr [gnupg-2.0] Hex string (Upper letter, no space) SHA1 of encryption public key see GNUPG INTEGRATION how to obtain. openpgp-auth [gnupg-2.0] Hex string (Upper letter, no space) SHA1 of authentica- tion public key see GNUPG INTEGRATION how to obtain. GNUPG INTEGRATION Typical steps to set up a card for gpgsm usage: 1. Import the CA certificate of your issuer: gpgsm --import < ca-certificate You should also manually import all self-signed certificates. 2. Instruct GnuPG to discover all useful certificates on the card: gpgsm --learn-card Signing, verification, etc. work as usual with gpgsm. Typical steps to set up a card for >=gpg-2.0 and <gpg-2.1.19 usage: 1. Acquire key ids: gpg-agent --server gpg-connect-agent Enter "SCD LEARN" and look for "KEY-FRIEDNLY" responses, the first field is the hash, the second is the subject name. 2. Instruct GnuPG to discover all useful information of card: gpg --card-status You should see valid card status. 3. Now, you should virtual generate keys, the keys are not actually generated, but returned to gpg to be registered. gpg --card-edit admin generate (DO NOT BACKUP KEYS) Kill gpg-agent and modify configuration to have sign, encrypt, au- thenticate key hex ids. 4. Alternatively, you can add the existing keys as subkeys on an ex- isting GPG master key: gpg --edit-key MASTER_KEY_ID addcardkey 5. In order to reattach a key to smartcard, remove secret key using: gpg --delete-secret-keys KEY_ID Then regenerate but without replace keys using: gpg --card-edit admin generate (DO NOT GENERATE KEYS) Signing, verification, etc. work as usual with gpg. Typical steps to set up a card for >=gpg-2.1.19 and <gpg-2.3 usage: 1. Refresh local key store: gpg --card-status 2. Acquire key ids: gpg-agent --server gpg-connect-agent Enter "SCD LEARN" and look for "KEY-FRIEDNLY" responses, the first field is the keygrip, the second is the subject name. 3. Create master key based on existing key using: gpg --expert --full-generate-key Select: (13) Existing key Enter keygrip to be used as primary key. 4. Continue as usual to setup your primary key, you should probably use signature for master key. 5. Add subkey using: gpg --expert --edit-key ${MASTER_KEY_ID} Enter: gpg> addkey Select: (13) Existing key Enter keygrip to be used as subkey. 6. Continue as usual to setup your subkey. Signing, verification, etc. work as usual with gpg. Typical steps to set up a card for >=gpg-2.3 usage: 1. Create master key based on existing key using: gpg --expert --full-generate-key Select: (14) Existing key from card Select the key from the list. 2. Continue as usual to setup your primary key, you should probably use signature for master key. 3. Add subkey using: gpg --expert --edit-key ${MASTER_KEY_ID} Enter: gpg> addkey Select: (14) Existing key from card Select the key from the list. 4. Continue as usual to setup your subkey. Signing, verification, etc. work as usual with gpg. SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS All communication between components is currently unprotected and in plain text (that's how the Assuan protocol operates). It is trivial to trace (using e.g. the strace(1) program) individual components (e.g. pinentry) and steal sensitive data (such as the smart-card PIN) or even change it (e.g. the hash to be signed). When using the software in production scenario, be sure to turn off debugging/verbose options in configuration of all components. Other- wise, some sensitive data might be displayed on the screen (most no- tably, the PIN). SEE ALSO strace(1) truss(1) gnupg(7) GnuPG Home Page, http://www.gnupg.org. gnupg-pkcs11 Home Page, http://gnupg-pkcs11.sourceforge.net. AUTHORS AND COPYRIGHT Copyright (c) 2006-2007 Zeljko Vrba <zvrba@globalnet.hr> Copyright (c) 2006-2017 Alon Bar-Lev <alon.barlev@gmail.com> All rights reserved. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MER- CHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFT- WARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. POSIX-compatible October 15, 2017 gnupg-pkcs11-scd(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | NOTES | ENVIRONMENT | FILES | CONFIGURATION | GNUPG INTEGRATION | SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS | SEE ALSO | AUTHORS AND COPYRIGHT
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