PG_DUMPALL(1) PostgreSQL 18.6 Documentation PG_DUMPALL(1) NAME pg_dumpall - extract a PostgreSQL database cluster into a script file SYNOPSIS pg_dumpall [connection-option...] [option...] DESCRIPTION pg_dumpall is a utility for writing out ("dumping") all PostgreSQL data- bases of a cluster into one script file. The script file contains SQL com- mands that can be used as input to psql(1) to restore the databases. It does this by calling pg_dump(1) for each database in the cluster. pg_dumpall also dumps global objects that are common to all databases, namely database roles, tablespaces, and privilege grants for configuration parameters. (pg_dump does not save these objects.) Since pg_dumpall reads tables from all databases you will most likely have to connect as a database superuser in order to produce a complete dump. Also you will need superuser privileges to execute the saved script in or- der to be allowed to add roles and create databases. The SQL script will be written to the standard output. Use the -f/--file option or shell operators to redirect it into a file. pg_dumpall needs to connect several times to the PostgreSQL server (once per database). If you use password authentication it will ask for a pass- word each time. It is convenient to have a ~/.pgpass file in such cases. See Section 32.16 for more information. Warning Restoring a dump causes the destination to execute arbitrary code of the source superusers' choice. Partial dumps and partial restores do not limit that. If the source superusers are not trusted, the dumped SQL statements must be inspected before restoring. Note that the client running the dump and restore need not trust the source or destination superusers. OPTIONS The following command-line options control the content and format of the output. -a --data-only Dump only the data, not the schema (data definitions) or statistics. -c --clean Emit SQL commands to DROP all the dumped databases, roles, and table- spaces before recreating them. This option is useful when the restore is to overwrite an existing cluster. If any of the objects do not exist in the destination cluster, ignorable error messages will be reported during restore, unless --if-exists is also specified. -E encoding --encoding=encoding Create the dump in the specified character set encoding. By default, the dump is created in the database encoding. (Another way to get the same result is to set the PGCLIENTENCODING environment variable to the desired dump encoding.) -f filename --file=filename Send output to the specified file. If this is omitted, the standard output is used. -g --globals-only Dump only global objects (roles and tablespaces), no databases. -O --no-owner Do not output commands to set ownership of objects to match the origi- nal database. By default, pg_dumpall issues ALTER OWNER or SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION statements to set ownership of created schema elements. These statements will fail when the script is run unless it is started by a superuser (or the same user that owns all of the objects in the script). To make a script that can be restored by any user, but will give that user ownership of all the objects, specify -O. -r --roles-only Dump only roles, no databases or tablespaces. -s --schema-only Dump only the object definitions (schema), not data. -S username --superuser=username Specify the superuser user name to use when disabling triggers. This is relevant only if --disable-triggers is used. (Usually, it's better to leave this out, and instead start the resulting script as superuser.) -t --tablespaces-only Dump only tablespaces, no databases or roles. -v --verbose Specifies verbose mode. This will cause pg_dumpall to output start/stop times to the dump file, and progress messages to standard error. Re- peating the option causes additional debug-level messages to appear on standard error. The option is also passed down to pg_dump. -V --version Print the pg_dumpall version and exit. -x --no-privileges --no-acl Prevent dumping of access privileges (grant/revoke commands). --binary-upgrade This option is for use by in-place upgrade utilities. Its use for other purposes is not recommended or supported. The behavior of the option may change in future releases without notice. --column-inserts --attribute-inserts Dump data as INSERT commands with explicit column names (INSERT INTO table (column, ...) VALUES ...). This will make restoration very slow; it is mainly useful for making dumps that can be loaded into non-Post- greSQL databases. --disable-dollar-quoting This option disables the use of dollar quoting for function bodies, and forces them to be quoted using SQL standard string syntax. --disable-triggers This option is relevant only when creating a dump with data and without schema. It instructs pg_dumpall to include commands to temporarily dis- able triggers on the target tables while the data is restored. Use this if you have referential integrity checks or other triggers on the ta- bles that you do not want to invoke during data restore. Presently, the commands emitted for --disable-triggers must be done as superuser. So, you should also specify a superuser name with -S, or preferably be careful to start the resulting script as a superuser. --exclude-database=pattern Do not dump databases whose name matches pattern. Multiple patterns can be excluded by writing multiple --exclude-database switches. The pat- tern parameter is interpreted as a pattern according to the same rules used by psql's \d commands (see Patterns), so multiple databases can also be excluded by writing wildcard characters in the pattern. When using wildcards, be careful to quote the pattern if needed to prevent shell wildcard expansion. --extra-float-digits=ndigits Use the specified value of extra_float_digits when dumping float- ing-point data, instead of the maximum available precision. Routine dumps made for backup purposes should not use this option. --filter=filename Specify a filename from which to read patterns for databases excluded from the dump. The patterns are interpreted according to the same rules as --exclude-database. To read from STDIN, use - as the filename. The --filter option can be specified in conjunction with --exclude-database for excluding databases, and can also be specified more than once for multiple filter files. The file lists one database pattern per row, with the following format: exclude database PATTERN Lines starting with # are considered comments and ignored. Comments can be placed after an object pattern row as well. Blank lines are also ig- nored. See Patterns for how to perform quoting in patterns. --if-exists Use DROP ... IF EXISTS commands to drop objects in --clean mode. This suppresses "does not exist" errors that might otherwise be reported. This option is not valid unless --clean is also specified. --inserts Dump data as INSERT commands (rather than COPY). This will make restoration very slow; it is mainly useful for making dumps that can be loaded into non-PostgreSQL databases. Note that the restore might fail altogether if you have rearranged column order. The --column-inserts option is safer, though even slower. --load-via-partition-root When dumping data for a table partition, make the COPY or INSERT state- ments target the root of the partitioning hierarchy that contains it, rather than the partition itself. This causes the appropriate partition to be re-determined for each row when the data is loaded. This may be useful when restoring data on a server where rows do not always fall into the same partitions as they did on the original server. That could happen, for example, if the partitioning column is of type text and the two systems have different definitions of the collation used to sort the partitioning column. --lock-wait-timeout=timeout Do not wait forever to acquire shared table locks at the beginning of the dump. Instead, fail if unable to lock a table within the specified timeout. The timeout may be specified in any of the formats accepted by SET statement_timeout. --no-comments Do not dump COMMENT commands. --no-data Do not dump data. --no-policies Do not dump row security policies. --no-publications Do not dump publications. --no-role-passwords Do not dump passwords for roles. When restored, roles will have a null password, and password authentication will always fail until the pass- word is set. Since password values aren't needed when this option is specified, the role information is read from the catalog view pg_roles instead of pg_authid. Therefore, this option also helps if access to pg_authid is restricted by some security policy. --no-schema Do not dump schema (data definitions). --no-security-labels Do not dump security labels. --no-statistics Do not dump statistics. This is the default. --no-subscriptions Do not dump subscriptions. --no-sync By default, pg_dumpall will wait for all files to be written safely to disk. This option causes pg_dumpall to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the dump corrupt. Generally, this option is useful for testing but should not be used when dumping data from production installation. --no-table-access-method Do not output commands to select table access methods. With this op- tion, all objects will be created with whichever table access method is the default during restore. --no-tablespaces Do not output commands to create tablespaces nor select tablespaces for objects. With this option, all objects will be created in whichever ta- blespace is the default during restore. --no-toast-compression Do not output commands to set TOAST compression methods. With this op- tion, all columns will be restored with the default compression set- ting. --no-unlogged-table-data Do not dump the contents of unlogged tables. This option has no effect on whether or not the table definitions (schema) are dumped; it only suppresses dumping the table data. --on-conflict-do-nothing Add ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING to INSERT commands. This option is not valid unless --inserts or --column-inserts is also specified. --quote-all-identifiers Force quoting of all identifiers. This option is recommended when dump- ing a database from a server whose PostgreSQL major version is differ- ent from pg_dumpall's, or when the output is intended to be loaded into a server of a different major version. By default, pg_dumpall quotes only identifiers that are reserved words in its own major version. This sometimes results in compatibility issues when dealing with servers of other versions that may have slightly different sets of reserved words. Using --quote-all-identifiers prevents such issues, at the price of a harder-to-read dump script. --restrict-key=restrict_key Use the provided string as the psql \restrict key in the dump output. If no restrict key is specified, pg_dumpall will generate a random one as needed. Keys may contain only alphanumeric characters. This option is primarily intended for testing purposes and other sce- narios that require repeatable output (e.g., comparing dump files). It is not recommended for general use, as a malicious server with advance knowledge of the key may be able to inject arbitrary code that will be executed on the machine that runs psql with the dump output. --rows-per-insert=nrows Dump data as INSERT commands (rather than COPY). Controls the maximum number of rows per INSERT command. The value specified must be a number greater than zero. Any error during restoring will cause only rows that are part of the problematic INSERT to be lost, rather than the entire table contents. --statistics Dump optimizer statistics. --statistics-only Dump only the statistics, not the schema (data definitions) or data. Optimizer statistics for tables, materialized views, foreign tables, and indexes are dumped. --sequence-data Include sequence data in the dump. This is the default behavior except when --no-data, --schema-only, or --statistics-only is specified. --use-set-session-authorization Output SQL-standard SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION commands instead of ALTER OWNER commands to determine object ownership. This makes the dump more standards compatible, but depending on the history of the objects in the dump, might not restore properly. -? --help Show help about pg_dumpall command line arguments, and exit. The following command-line options control the database connection parame- ters. -d connstr --dbname=connstr Specifies parameters used to connect to the server, as a connection string; these will override any conflicting command line options. The option is called --dbname for consistency with other client appli- cations, but because pg_dumpall needs to connect to many databases, the database name in the connection string will be ignored. Use the -l op- tion to specify the name of the database used for the initial connec- tion, which will dump global objects and discover what other databases should be dumped. -h host --host=host Specifies the host name of the machine on which the database server is running. If the value begins with a slash, it is used as the directory for the Unix domain socket. The default is taken from the PGHOST envi- ronment variable, if set, else a Unix domain socket connection is at- tempted. -l dbname --database=dbname Specifies the name of the database to connect to for dumping global ob- jects and discovering what other databases should be dumped. If not specified, the postgres database will be used, and if that does not ex- ist, template1 will be used. -p port --port=port Specifies the TCP port or local Unix domain socket file extension on which the server is listening for connections. Defaults to the PGPORT environment variable, if set, or a compiled-in default. -U username --username=username User name to connect as. -w --no-password Never issue a password prompt. If the server requires password authen- tication and a password is not available by other means such as a .pg- pass file, the connection attempt will fail. This option can be useful in batch jobs and scripts where no user is present to enter a password. -W --password Force pg_dumpall to prompt for a password before connecting to a data- base. This option is never essential, since pg_dumpall will automatically prompt for a password if the server demands password authentication. However, pg_dumpall will waste a connection attempt finding out that the server wants a password. In some cases it is worth typing -W to avoid the extra connection attempt. Note that the password prompt will occur again for each database to be dumped. Usually, it's better to set up a ~/.pgpass file than to rely on manual password entry. --role=rolename Specifies a role name to be used to create the dump. This option causes pg_dumpall to issue a SET ROLE rolename command after connecting to the database. It is useful when the authenticated user (specified by -U) lacks privileges needed by pg_dumpall, but can switch to a role with the required rights. Some installations have a policy against logging in directly as a superuser, and use of this option allows dumps to be made without violating the policy. ENVIRONMENT PGHOST PGOPTIONS PGPORT PGUSER Default connection parameters PG_COLOR Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are always, auto and never. This utility, like most other PostgreSQL utilities, also uses the environ- ment variables supported by libpq (see Section 32.15). NOTES Since pg_dumpall calls pg_dump internally, some diagnostic messages will refer to pg_dump. The --clean option can be useful even when your intention is to restore the dump script into a fresh cluster. Use of --clean authorizes the script to drop and re-create the built-in postgres and template1 databases, ensuring that those databases will retain the same properties (for instance, locale and encoding) that they had in the source cluster. Without the option, those databases will retain their existing database-level properties, as well as any pre-existing contents. When --statistics is specified, pg_dumpall will include most optimizer sta- tistics in the resulting dump file. This does not include all statistics, such as those created explicitly with CREATE STATISTICS (CREATE_STATIS- TICS(7)), custom statistics added by an extension, or statistics collected by the cumulative statistics system. Therefore, it may still be useful to run ANALYZE on each database after restoring from a dump file to ensure op- timal performance. You can also run vacuumdb -a -z to analyze all data- bases. The dump script should not be expected to run completely without errors. In particular, because the script will issue CREATE ROLE for every role exist- ing in the source cluster, it is certain to get a "role already exists" er- ror for the bootstrap superuser, unless the destination cluster was ini- tialized with a different bootstrap superuser name. This error is harmless and should be ignored. Use of the --clean option is likely to produce addi- tional harmless error messages about non-existent objects, although you can minimize those by adding --if-exists. pg_dumpall requires all needed tablespace directories to exist before the restore; otherwise, database creation will fail for databases in non-de- fault locations. It is generally recommended to use the -X (--no-psqlrc) option when restor- ing a database from a pg_dumpall script to ensure a clean restore process and prevent potential conflicts with non-default psql configurations. Addi- tionally, because the pg_dumpall script may include psql meta-commands, it may be incompatible with clients other than psql. EXAMPLES To dump all databases: $ pg_dumpall > db.out To restore database(s) from this file, you can use: $ psql -X -f db.out -d postgres It is not important which database you connect to here since the script file created by pg_dumpall will contain the appropriate commands to create and connect to the saved databases. An exception is that if you specified --clean, you must connect to the postgres database initially; the script will attempt to drop other databases immediately, and that will fail for the database you are connected to. SEE ALSO Check pg_dump(1) for details on possible error conditions. PostgreSQL 18.6 2026 PG_DUMPALL(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | ENVIRONMENT | NOTES | EXAMPLES | SEE ALSO
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