FreeBSD Manual Pages
podman-machine-init(1) General Commands Manual podman-machine-init(1) NAME podman-machine-init - Initialize a new virtual machine SYNOPSIS podman machine init [options] [name] DESCRIPTION Initialize a new virtual machine for Podman. The default machine name is podman-machine-default. If a machine name is not specified as an argument, then the new machine will be named podman-machine-default. Rootless only. Podman on MacOS and Windows requires a virtual machine. This is because containers are Linux - containers do not run on any other OS because containers' core functionality are tied to the Linux kernel. Podman ma- chine must be used to manage MacOS and Windows machines, but can be op- tionally used on Linux. podman machine init initializes a new Linux virtual machine where con- tainers are run. SSH keys are automatically generated to access the VM, and system connections to the root account and a user account in- side the VM are added. By default, the VM distribution is Fedora CoreOS except for WSL which is based on a custom Fedora image. While Fedora CoreOS upgrades come out every 14 days, the automatic update mechanism Zincata is disabled by Podman machine. To check if there is an upgrade available for your machine os, you can run the following command: $ podman machine ssh 'sudo rpm-ostree upgrade --check' If an update is available, you can rerun the above command and remove the --check and your operating system will be updated. After updating, you must stop and start your machine with podman machine stop && podman machine start for it to take effect. Note: Updating as described above can result in version mismatches be- tween Podman on the host and Podman in the machine. Executing podman info should reveal versions of both. A configuration where the Podman host and machine mismatch are unsupported. For more information on updates and advanced configuration, see the Fe- dora CoreOS documentation about auto-updates and update strategies. Fedora CoreOS upgrades come out every 14 days and are detected and in- stalled automatically. The VM is rebooted during the upgrade. For more information on updates and advanced configuration, see the Fedora CoreOS documentation about auto-updates and update strategies. Default Podman machine settings can be set via the [machine] section in the containers.conf(5) file. OPTIONS --cpus=number Number of CPUs. --disk-size=number Size of the disk for the guest VM in GiB. --help Print usage statement. --ignition-path Fully qualified path of the ignition file. If an ignition file is provided, the file is copied into the user's CONF_DIR and renamed. Additionally, no SSH keys are generated, nor are any system connections made. It is assumed that the user does these things manually or handled otherwise. --image Fully qualified registry, path, or URL to a VM image. Registry target must be in the form of docker://registry/repo/image:version. --memory, -m=number Memory (in MiB). Note: 1024MiB = 1GiB. --now Start the virtual machine immediately after it has been initialized. --rootful Whether this machine prefers rootful (true) or rootless (false) con- tainer execution. This option determines the remote connection default if there is no existing remote connection configurations. API forwarding, if available, follows this setting. --timezone Set the timezone for the machine and containers. Valid values are lo- cal or a timezone such as America/Chicago. A value of local, which is the default, means to use the timezone of the machine host. The timezone setting is not used with WSL. WSL automatically sets the timezone to the same as the host Windows operating system. --usb=bus=number,devnum=number or vendor=hexadecimal,product=hexadecimal Assign a USB device from the host to the VM via USB passthrough. Only supported for QEMU Machines. The device needs to have proper permissions in order to be passed to the machine. This means the device needs to be under your user group. Note that using bus and device number are simpler but the values can change every boot or when the device is unplugged. When specifying a USB using vendor and product ID's, if more than one device has the same vendor and product ID, the first available device is assigned. --user-mode-networking Indicates that this machine relays traffic from the guest through a user-space process running on the host. In some VPN configurations the VPN may drop traffic from alternate network interfaces, including VM network devices. By enabling user-mode networking (a setting of true), VPNs observe all podman machine traffic as coming from the host, by- passing the problem. When the qemu backend is used (Linux, Mac), user-mode networking is mandatory and the only allowed value is true. In contrast, The Win- dows/WSL backend defaults to false, and follows the standard WSL net- work setup. Changing this setting to true on Windows/WSL informs Pod- man to replace the WSL networking setup on start of this machine in- stance with a user-mode networking distribution. Since WSL shares the same kernel across distributions, all other running distributions reuses this network. Likewise, when the last machine instance with a true setting stops, the original networking setup is restored. --username Username to use for executing commands in remote VM. Default value is core for FCOS and user for Fedora (default on Windows hosts). Should match the one used inside the resulting VM image. --volume, -v=source:target[:options] Mounts a volume from source to target. Create a mount. If /host-dir:/machine-dir is specified as the *source:target*, Podman mounts host-dir in the host to machine-dir in the Podman machine. Additional options may be specified as a comma-separated string. Recog- nized options are: * ro: mount volume read-only * rw: mount volume read/write (default) * security_model=[model]: specify 9p security model (see below) The 9p security model [determines] https://wiki.qemu.org/Documenta- tion/9psetup#Starting_the_Guest_directly if and how the 9p filesystem translates some filesystem operations before actual storage on the host. In order to allow symlinks to work, on MacOS the default security model is none. The value of mapped-xattr specifies that 9p store symlinks and some file attributes as extended attributes on the host. This is suitable when the host and the guest do not need to interoperate on the shared filesystem, but has caveats for actual shared access; notably, symlinks on the host are not usable on the guest and vice versa. If interoper- ability is required, then choose none instead, but keep in mind that the guest is not able to do things that the user running the virtual machine cannot do, e.g. create files owned by another user. Using none is almost certainly the best choice for read-only volumes. Example: -v "$HOME/git:$HOME/git:ro,security_model=none" Default volume mounts are defined in containers.conf. Unless changed, the default values is $HOME:$HOME. Note on Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) Since all drives are mounted at /mnt on startup by default in WSL, passing --volume is redundant and has no effect. The host home directory for a C: drive will be mounted at /mnt/c/Users/<my username>. EXAMPLES Initialize the default Podman machine, pulling the content from the in- ternet. $ podman machine init Initialize a Podman machine for the specified name pulling the content from the internet. $ podman machine init myvm Initialize the default Podman machine pulling the content from the in- ternet defaulting to rootful mode. The default is rootless. $ podman machine init --rootful Initialize the default Podman machine overriding its disk size over- ride, pulling the content from the internet. $ podman machine init --disk-size 50 Initialize the specified Podman machine overriding its memory size, pulling the content from the internet. $ podman machine init --memory=1024 myvm Initialize the default Podman machine with the host directory /Users mounted into the VM at /Users. $ podman machine init -v /Users:/Users Initialize the default Podman machine with a usb device passthrough specified with options. Only supported for QEMU Machines. $ podman machine init --usb vendor=13d3,product=5406 Initialize the default Podman machine with a usb device passthrough with specified with options. Only supported for QEMU Machines. $ podman machine init --usb bus=1,devnum=3 SEE ALSO podman(1), podman-machine(1), containers.conf(5) HISTORY March 2021, Originally compiled by Ashley Cui acui@redhat.com <mailto:acui@redhat.com> podman-machine-init(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | EXAMPLES | SEE ALSO | HISTORY
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