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cat(1) General Commands Manual cat(1) NAME cat - concatenate, copy, and print files SYNOPSIS file ... DESCRIPTION reads each file in sequence and writes it on the standard output. Thus: prints file on the default standard output device; concatenates file1 and file2, and places the result in file3. If is appears as a file argument, uses standard input. To combine standard input and other files, use a combination of and file argu- ments. Options recognizes the following options: Omit line numbers from blank lines when option is specified. If this option is specified, the op- tion is automatically selected. Print a character at the end of each line (prior to the new-line). If this option is specified, the option is automatically selected. Display output lines preceded by line numbers, numbered sequentially from 1. Replace multiple consecutive empty lines with one empty line, so that there is never more than one empty line be- tween lines containing characters. Silent option. suppresses error messages about non-existent files, identi- cal input and output, and write errors. Normally, input and output files cannot have identical names unless the file is a special file. Print each tab character as and form feed character as If this option is specified, the option is automatically selected. Do not buffer output (handle character-by-character). Normally, output is buffered. Cause non-printing characters (with the exception of tabs, new-lines and form-feeds) to be printed visibly. Control characters are printed using the form (Ctrl-X), and the DEL character (octal 0177) is printed as (see ascii(5)). Single-byte control characters whose most significant bit is set, are printed using the form where x is the character specified by the seven low order bits. All other non-printing characters are printed as where x is the character specified by the seven low or- der bits. This option is influenced by the environment variable and its corresponding code set. EXTERNAL INFLUENCES Environment Variables provides a default value for the internationalization variables that are unset or null. If is unset or null, the default value of "C" (see lang(5)) is used. If any of the internationalization variables contains an invalid setting, will behave as if all internationalization vari- ables are set to "C". See environ(5). If set to a non-empty string value, overrides the values of all the other internationalization variables. determines the interpretation of text as single and/or multi-byte char- acters, the classification of characters as printable, and the charac- ters matched by character class expressions in regular expressions. determines the locale that should be used to affect the format and con- tents of diagnostic messages written to standard error and informative messages written to standard output. determines the location of message catalogues for the processing of International Code Set Support Single- and multi-byte character code sets are supported. RETURN VALUE Exit values are: 0 Successful completion. >0 Error condition occurred. EXAMPLES To create a zero-length file, use any of the following: The following prints for all the occurrences of tab character in file1 To suppress error messages about files that do not exist, use: If file2 does not exist, the above command concatenates file1 and file3 without reporting the error on file2. The result is the same if option is not used, except that displays the error message. To view non-printable characters in file2, use: WARNINGS Command formats such as overwrites the data in file1 before the concatenation begins, thus de- stroying the file. Therefore, be careful when using shell special characters. SEE ALSO cp(1), more(1), pg(1), pr(1), rmnl(1), ssp(1). STANDARDS CONFORMANCE cat(1)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | EXTERNAL INFLUENCES | RETURN VALUE | EXAMPLES | WARNINGS | SEE ALSO | STANDARDS CONFORMANCE
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