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LOGIN(1) BSD General Commands Manual LOGIN(1) NAME login -- log into the computer SYNOPSIS login [-fp] [-h hostname] [user] DESCRIPTION The login utility logs users (and pseudo-users) into the computer system. If no user is specified, or if a user is specified and authentication of the user fails, login prompts for a user name. Authentication of users is configurable via pam(8). Password authentication is the default. The following options are available: -f When a user name is specified, this option indicates that proper authentication has already been done and that no password need be requested. This option may only be used by the super-user or when an already logged in user is logging in as themselves. -h Specify the host from which the connection was received. It is used by various daemons such as telnetd(8). This option may only be used by the super-user. -p By default, login discards any previous environment. The -p op- tion disables this behavior. If the file /etc/login.access exists, login checks to see if the user and host pair are specifically allowed or denied access. Login access may also be controlled via the login class, which provides allow and deny records based on time, tty and remote host name. If the file /etc/fbtab exists, login changes the protection and ownership of certain devices specified in this file. Immediately after logging a user in, login displays the system copyright notice, the date and time the user last logged in, the message of the day as well as other information. If the file .hushlogin exists in the user's home directory, all of these messages are suppressed. This is to simplify logins for non-human users, such as uucp(1). The login utility enters information into the environment (see environ(7)) specifying the user's home directory (HOME), command inter- preter (SHELL), search path (PATH), terminal type (TERM) and user name (both LOGNAME and USER). Other environment variables may be set due to entries in the login class capabilities database, for the login class as- signed in the user's system passwd record. The login class also controls the maximum and current process resource limits granted to a login, process priorities and many other aspects of a user's login environment. Some shells may provide a builtin login command which is similar or iden- tical to this utility. Consult the builtin(1) manual page. FILES /etc/fbtab changes device protections /etc/login.access login access control table /etc/login.conf login class capabilities database /etc/motd message-of-the-day /var/mail/user system mailboxes .hushlogin makes login quieter /etc/auth.conf configure authentication services /etc/pam.d/login pam(8) configuration file SEE ALSO builtin(1), chpass(1), csh(1), passwd(1), rlogin(1), getpass(3), fbtab(5), login.access(5), login.conf(5), environ(7), pam(8) HISTORY A login utility appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX. BSD October 16, 2004 BSD
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | FILES | SEE ALSO | HISTORY
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