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MLOCK(2) FreeBSD System Calls Manual MLOCK(2) NAME mlock, munlock -- lock (unlock) physical pages in memory LIBRARY Standard C Library (libc, -lc) SYNOPSIS #include <sys/mman.h> int mlock(const void *addr, size_t len); int munlock(const void *addr, size_t len); DESCRIPTION The mlock() system call locks into memory the physical pages associated with the virtual address range starting at addr for len bytes. The munlock() system call unlocks pages previously locked by one or more mlock() calls. For both, the addr argument should be aligned to a multi- ple of the page size. If the len argument is not a multiple of the page size, it will be rounded up to be so. The entire range must be allo- cated. After an mlock() system call, the indicated pages will cause neither a non-resident page nor address-translation fault until they are unlocked. They may still cause protection-violation faults or TLB-miss faults on architectures with software-managed TLBs. The physical pages remain in memory until all locked mappings for the pages are removed. Multiple processes may have the same physical pages locked via their own virtual address mappings. A single process may likewise have pages multiply- locked via different virtual mappings of the same physical pages. Un- locking is performed explicitly by munlock() or implicitly by a call to munmap() which deallocates the unmapped address range. Locked mappings are not inherited by the child process after a fork(2). Since physical memory is a potentially scarce resource, processes are limited in how much they can lock down. The amount of memory that a sin- gle process can mlock() is limited by both the per-process RLIMIT_MEMLOCK resource limit and the system-wide "wired pages" limit vm.max_user_wired. vm.max_user_wired applies to the system as a whole, so the amount avail- able to a single process at any given time is the difference between vm.max_user_wired and vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. If security.bsd.unprivileged_mlock is set to 0 these calls are only available to the super-user. RETURN VALUES Upon successful completion, the value 0 is returned; otherwise the value -1 is returned and the global variable errno is set to indicate the error. If the call succeeds, all pages in the range become locked (unlocked); otherwise the locked status of all pages in the range remains unchanged. ERRORS The mlock() system call will fail if: [EPERM] security.bsd.unprivileged_mlock is set to 0 and the caller is not the super-user. [EINVAL] The address range given wraps around zero. [ENOMEM] Some portion of the indicated address range is not al- located. There was an error faulting/mapping a page. Locking the indicated range would exceed the per- process or system-wide limits for locked memory. The munlock() system call will fail if: [EPERM] security.bsd.unprivileged_mlock is set to 0 and the caller is not the super-user. [EINVAL] The address range given wraps around zero. [ENOMEM] Some or all of the address range specified by the addr and len arguments does not correspond to valid mapped pages in the address space of the process. [ENOMEM] Locking the pages mapped by the specified range would exceed a limit on the amount of memory that the process may lock. SEE ALSO fork(2), mincore(2), minherit(2), mlockall(2), mmap(2), munlockall(2), munmap(2), setrlimit(2), getpagesize(3) HISTORY The mlock() and munlock() system calls first appeared in 4.4BSD. BUGS Allocating too much wired memory can lead to a memory-allocation deadlock which requires a reboot to recover from. The per-process and system-wide resource limits of locked memory apply to the amount of virtual memory locked, not the amount of locked physical pages. Hence two distinct locked mappings of the same physical page counts as 2 pages aginst the system limit, and also against the per- process limit if both mappings belong to the same physical map. The per-process resource limit is not currently supported. FreeBSD 13.0 May 13, 2019 FreeBSD 13.0
NAME | LIBRARY | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUES | ERRORS | SEE ALSO | HISTORY | BUGS
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