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NTPQ(8) BSD System Manager's Manual NTPQ(8) NAME ntpq -- standard NTP query program SYNOPSIS ntpq [-flags] [-flag [value]] [--option-name[[=| ]value]] [ host ...] DESCRIPTION The ntpq utility program is used to query NTP servers to monitor NTP op- erations and performance, requesting information about current state and/or changes in that state. The program may be run either in interac- tive mode or controlled using command line arguments. Requests to read and write arbitrary variables can be assembled, with raw and pretty-printed output options being available. The ntpq utility can also obtain and print a list of peers in a common format by sending multiple queries to the server. If one or more request options is included on the command line when ntpq is executed, each of the requests will be sent to the NTP servers running on each of the hosts given as command line arguments, or on localhost by default. If no request options are given, ntpq will attempt to read com- mands from the standard input and execute these on the NTP server running on the first host given on the command line, again defaulting to local- host when no other host is specified. The ntpq utility will prompt for commands if the standard input is a terminal device. ntpq uses NTP mode 6 packets to communicate with the NTP server, and hence can be used to query any compatible server on the network which permits it. Note that since NTP is a UDP protocol this communication will be somewhat unreliable, especially over large distances in terms of network topology. The ntpq utility makes one attempt to retransmit re- quests, and will time requests out if the remote host is not heard from within a suitable timeout time. Note that in contexts where a host name is expected, a -4 qualifier pre- ceding the host name forces resolution to the IPv4 namespace, while a -6 qualifier forces resolution to the IPv6 namespace. For examples and us- age, see the "NTP Debugging Techniques" page. Specifying a command line option other than -i or -n will cause the spec- ified query (queries) to be sent to the indicated host(s) immediately. Otherwise, ntpq will attempt to read interactive format commands from the standard input. Internal Commands Interactive format commands consist of a keyword followed by zero to four arguments. Only enough characters of the full keyword to uniquely iden- tify the command need be typed. A number of interactive format commands are executed entirely within the ntpq utility itself and do not result in NTP requests being sent to a server. These are described following. ? [command] help [command] A `?' by itself will print a list of all the com- mands known to ntpq. A `?' followed by a command name will print function and usage information about the command. addvars name[=value][,...] rmvars name[,...] clearvars showvars The arguments to this command consist of a list of items of the form name[=value], where the =value is ignored, and can be omitted, in requests to the server to read variables. The ntpq utility main- tains an internal list in which data to be included in messages can be assembled, and displayed or set using the readlist and writelist commands described below. The addvars command allows variables and their optional values to be added to the list. If more than one variable is to be added, the list should be comma-separated and not contain white space. The rmvars command can be used to remove individual variables from the list, while the clearvars command removes all variables from the list. The showvars command displays the current list of optional variables. authenticate [yes|no] Normally ntpq does not authenticate requests unless they are write requests. The command authenticate yes causes ntpq to send authentication with all re- quests it makes. Authenticated requests causes some servers to handle requests slightly differ- ently. The command authenticate causes ntpq to display whether or not it is currently authenticat- ing requests. cooked Causes output from query commands to be "cooked", so that variables which are recognized by ntpq will have their values reformatted for human consump- tion. Variables which ntpq could not decode com- pletely are marked with a trailing `?'. debug [more|less|off] With no argument, displays the current debug level. Otherwise, the debugging level is changed as indi- cated. delay [milliseconds] Specify a time interval to be added to timestamps included in requests which require authentication. This is used to enable (unreliable) server recon- figuration over long delay network paths or between machines whose clocks are unsynchronized. Actually the server does not now require timestamps in au- thenticated requests, so this command may be obso- lete. Without any arguments, displays the current delay. drefid [hash|ipv4] Display refids as IPv4 or hash. Without any argu- ments, displays whether refids are shown as IPv4 addresses or hashes. exit Exit ntpq. host [name] Set the host to which future queries will be sent. The name may be either a host name or a numeric ad- dress. Without any arguments, displays the current host. hostnames [yes|no] If yes is specified, host names are printed in in- formation displays. If no is specified, numeric addresses are printed instead. The default is yes, unless modified using the command line -n switch. Without any arguments, displays whether host names or numeric addresses are shown. keyid [keyid] This command allows the specification of a key num- ber to be used to authenticate configuration re- quests. This must correspond to the controlkey key number the server has been configured to use for this purpose. Without any arguments, displays the current keyid. keytype [digest] Specify the digest algorithm to use for authenti- cating requests, with default MD5. If ntpq was built with OpenSSL support, and OpenSSL is in- stalled, digest can be any message digest algorithm supported by OpenSSL. If no argument is given, the current keytype digest algorithm used is displayed. ntpversion [1|2|3|4] Sets the NTP version number which ntpq claims in packets. Defaults to 3, and note that mode 6 con- trol messages (and modes, for that matter) didn't exist in NTP version 1. There appear to be no servers left which demand version 1. With no argu- ment, displays the current NTP version that will be used when communicating with servers. passwd This command prompts you to type in a password (which will not be echoed) which will be used to authenticate configuration requests. The password must correspond to the key configured for use by the NTP server for this purpose if such requests are to be successful. poll [n] [verbose] Poll an NTP server in client mode n times. Poll not implemented yet. quit Exit ntpq. raw Causes all output from query commands is printed as received from the remote server. The only format- ing/interpretation done on the data is to transform nonascii data into a printable (but barely under- standable) form. timeout [milliseconds] Specify a timeout period for responses to server queries. The default is about 5000 milliseconds. Without any arguments, displays the current timeout period. Note that since ntpq retries each query once after a timeout, the total waiting time for a timeout will be twice the timeout value set. version Display the version of the ntpq program. Control Message Commands Association ids are used to identify system, peer and clock variables. System variables are assigned an association id of zero and system name space, while each association is assigned a nonzero association id and peer namespace. Most control commands send a single message to the server and expect a single response message. The exceptions are the peers command, which sends a series of messages, and the mreadlist and mreadvar commands, which iterate over a range of associations. apeers Display a list of peers in the form: [tally]remote refid assid st t when pool reach delay offset jitter where the output is just like the peers command except that the refid is displayed in hex format and the asso- ciation number is also displayed. associations Display a list of mobilized associations in the form: ind assid status conf reach auth condition last_event cnt Variable Description ind index on this list assid association id status peer status word conf yes: persistent, no: ephemeral reach yes: reachable, no: unreachable auth ok, yes, bad and none condition selection status (see the select field of the peer status word) last_event event report (see the event field of the peer status word) cnt event count (see the count field of the peer status word) authinfo Display the authentication statistics counters: time since reset, stored keys, free keys, key lookups, keys not found, uncached keys, expired keys, encryptions, de- cryptions. clocklist [associd] cl [associd] Display all clock variables in the variable list for those associations supporting a reference clock. clockvar [associd] [name[=value]][,...] cv [associd] [name[=value]][,...] Display a list of clock variables for those associations supporting a reference clock. :config configuration command line Send the remainder of the command line, including white- space, to the server as a run-time configuration command in the same format as a line in the configuration file. This command is experimental until further notice and clarification. Authentication is of course required. config-from-file filename Send each line of filename to the server as run-time configuration commands in the same format as lines in the configuration file. This command is experimental until further notice and clarification. Authentication is required. ifstats Display status and statistics counters for each local network interface address: interface number, interface name and address or broadcast, drop, flag, ttl, mc, re- ceived, sent, send failed, peers, uptime. Authentica- tion is required. iostats Display network and reference clock I/O statistics: time since reset, receive buffers, free receive buffers, used receive buffers, low water refills, dropped packets, ig- nored packets, received packets, packets sent, packet send failures, input wakeups, useful input wakeups. kerninfo Display kernel loop and PPS statistics: associd, status, pll offset, pll frequency, maximum error, estimated er- ror, kernel status, pll time constant, precision, fre- quency tolerance, pps frequency, pps stability, pps jit- ter, calibration interval, calibration cycles, jitter exceeded, stability exceeded, calibration errors. As with other ntpq output, times are in milliseconds; very small values may be shown as exponentials. The preci- sion value displayed is in milliseconds as well, unlike the precision system variable. lassociations Perform the same function as the associations command, except display mobilized and unmobilized associations, including all clients. lopeers [-4|-6] Display a list of all peers and clients showing dstadr (associated with the given IP version). lpassociations Display the last obtained list of associations, includ- ing all clients. lpeers [-4|-6] Display a list of all peers and clients (associated with the given IP version). monstats Display monitor facility status, statistics, and limits: enabled, addresses, peak addresses, maximum addresses, reclaim above count, reclaim older than, kilobytes, max- imum kilobytes. mreadlist associdlo associdhi mrl associdlo associdhi Perform the same function as the readlist command for a range of association ids. mreadvar associdlo associdhi [name][,...] This range may be determined from the list displayed by any command showing associations. mrv associdlo associdhi [name][,...] Perform the same function as the readvar command for a range of association ids. This range may be determined from the list displayed by any command showing associa- tions. mrulist [limited | kod | mincount=count | laddr=localaddr | sort=[-]sortorder | resany=hexmask | resall=hexmask] Display traffic counts of the most recently seen source addresses collected and maintained by the monitor facil- ity. With the exception of sort=[-]sortorder, the op- tions filter the list returned by ntpd(8). The limited and kod options return only entries representing client addresses from which the last packet received triggered either discarding or a KoD response. The mincount=count option filters entries representing less than count packets. The laddr=localaddr option filters entries for packets received on any local address other than localaddr. resany=hexmask and resall=hexmask filter en- tries containing none or less than all, respectively, of the bits in hexmask, which must begin with 0x. The sortorder defaults to lstint and may be addr, avgint, count, lstint, or any of those preceded by `-' to re- verse the sort order. The output columns are: Column Description lstint Interval in seconds between the receipt of the most recent packet from this ad- dress and the completion of the re- trieval of the MRU list by ntpq. avgint Average interval in s between packets from this address. rstr Restriction flags associated with this address. Most are copied unchanged from the matching restrict command, however 0x400 (kod) and 0x20 (limited) flags are cleared unless the last packet from this address triggered a rate control response. r Rate control indicator, either a pe- riod, L or K for no rate control re- sponse, rate limiting by discarding, or rate limiting with a KoD response, re- spectively. m Packet mode. v Packet version number. count Packets received from this address. rport Source port of last packet from this address. remote address host or DNS name, numeric address, or address followed by claimed DNS name which could not be verified in paren- theses. opeers [-4 | -6] Obtain and print the old-style list of all peers and clients showing dstadr (associated with the given IP version), rather than the refid. passociations Perform the same function as the associations command, except that it uses previously stored data rather than making a new query. peers Display a list of peers in the form: [tally]remote refid st t when pool reach delay offset jitter Variable Description [tally] single-character code indicating cur- rent value of the select field of the peer status word: decode.html#peer remote host name (or IP number) of peer. The value displayed will be truncated to 15 characters unless the ntpq -w option is given, in which case the full value will be displayed on the first line, and if too long, the remaining data will be displayed on the next line. refid source IP address or decode.html#kiss st stratum: 0 for local reference clocks, 1 for servers with local reference clocks, ..., 16 for unsynchronized server clocks t u: unicast or manycast client, b: broadcast or multicast client, p: pool source, l: local (reference clock), s: symmetric (peer), A: manycast server, B: broadcast server, M: multicast server when time in seconds, minutes, hours, or days since the last packet was re- ceived, or `-' if a packet has never been received poll poll interval (s) reach reach shift register (octal) delay roundtrip delay offset offset of server relative to this host jitter offset RMS error estimate. pstats associd Display the statistics for the peer with the given associd: associd, status, remote host, local address, time last received, time until next send, reachability change, packets sent, packets received, bad authentica- tion, bogus origin, duplicate, bad dispersion, bad ref- erence time, candidate order. readlist [associd] rl [associd] Display all system or peer variables. If the associd is omitted, it is assumed to be zero. readvar [associd name[=value] [, ...]] rv [associd name[=value] [, ...]] Display the specified system or peer variables. If associd is zero, the variables are from the System Variables name space, otherwise they are from the Peer Variables name space. The associd is required, as the same name can occur in both spaces. If no name is in- cluded, all operative variables in the name space are displayed. In this case only, if the associd is omit- ted, it is assumed to be zero. Multiple names are spec- ified with comma separators and without whitespace. Note that time values are represented in milliseconds and frequency values in parts-per-million (PPM). Some NTP timestamps are represented in the format YYYYMM DD TTTT, where YYYY is the year, MM the month of year, DD the day of month and TTTT the time of day. reslist Display the access control (restrict) list for ntpq. Authentication is required. saveconfig filename Save the current configuration, including any runtime modifications made by :config or config-from-file, to the NTP server host file filename. This command will be rejected by the server unless saveconfigdir: miscopt.html#saveconfigdir appears in the ntpd(8) con- figuration file. filename can use date(1) format speci- fiers to substitute the current date and time, for exam- ple, saveconfig ntp-%Y%m%d-%H%M%S.conf. The filename used is stored in system variable savedconfig. Authentication is required. sysinfo Display system operational summary: associd, status, system peer, system peer mode, leap indicator, stratum, log2 precision, root delay, root dispersion, reference id, reference time, system jitter, clock jitter, clock wander, broadcast delay, symm. auth. delay. sysstats Display system uptime and packet counts maintained in the protocol module: uptime, sysstats reset, packets re- ceived, current version, older version, bad length or format, authentication failed, declined, restricted, rate limited, KoD responses, processed for time. timerstats Display interval timer counters: time since reset, timer overruns, calls to transmit. writelist associd Set all system or peer variables included in the vari- able list. writevar associd name=value [, ...] Set the specified variables in the variable list. If the associd is zero, the variables are from the System Variables name space, otherwise they are from the Peer Variables name space. The associd is required, as the same name can occur in both spaces. Authentication is required. Status Words and Kiss Codes The current state of the operating program is shown in a set of status words maintained by the system. Status information is also available on a per-association basis. These words are displayed by the readlist and associations commands both in hexadecimal and in decoded short tip strings. The codes, tips and short explanations are documented on the Event Messages and Status Words: decode.html page. The page also in- cludes a list of system and peer messages, the code for the latest of which is included in the status word. Information resulting from protocol machine state transitions is dis- played using an informal set of ASCII strings called kiss codes: decode.html#kiss The original purpose was for kiss-o'-death (KoD) packets sent by the server to advise the client of an unusual condition. They are now displayed, when appropriate, in the reference identifier field in various billboards. System Variables The following system variables appear in the readlist billboard. Not all variables are displayed in some configurations. Variable Description status system status word: decode.html#sys version NTP software version and build time processor hardware platform and version system operating system and version leap leap warning indicator (0-3) stratum stratum (1-15) precision precision (log2 s) rootdelay total roundtrip delay to the primary reference clock rootdisp total dispersion to the primary reference clock refid reference id or kiss code: decode.html#kiss reftime reference time clock date and time of day peer system peer association id tc time constant and poll exponent (log2 s) (3-17) mintc minimum time constant (log2 s) (3-10) offset combined offset of server relative to this host frequency frequency drift (PPM) relative to hardware clock sys_jitter combined system jitter clk_wander clock frequency wander (PPM) clk_jitter clock jitter tai TAI-UTC offset (s) leapsec NTP seconds when the next leap second is/was inserted expire NTP seconds when the NIST leapseconds file expires The jitter and wander statistics are exponentially-weighted RMS averages. The system jitter is defined in the NTPv4 specification; the clock jitter statistic is computed by the clock discipline module. When the NTPv4 daemon is compiled with the OpenSSL software library, ad- ditional system variables are displayed, including some or all of the following, depending on the particular Autokey dance: Variable Description host Autokey host name for this host ident Autokey group name for this host flags host flags (see Autokey specification) digest OpenSSL message digest algorithm signature OpenSSL digest/signature scheme update NTP seconds at last signature update cert certificate subject, issuer and certificate flags until NTP seconds when the certificate expires Peer Variables The following peer variables appear in the readlist billboard for each association. Not all variables are displayed in some configurations. Variable Description associd association id status peer status word: decode.html#peer srcadr source (remote) IP address srcport source (remote) port dstadr destination (local) IP address dstport destination (local) port leap leap indicator (0-3) stratum stratum (0-15) precision precision (log2 s) rootdelay total roundtrip delay to the primary reference clock rootdisp total root dispersion to the primary reference clock refid reference id or kiss code: decode.html#kiss reftime reference time rec last packet received time reach reach register (octal) unreach unreach counter hmode host mode (1-6) pmode peer mode (1-5) hpoll host poll exponent (log2 s) (3-17) ppoll peer poll exponent (log2 s) (3-17) headway headway (see Rate Management and the Kiss-o'-Death Packet: rate.html) flash flash status word: decode.html#flash keyid symmetric key id offset filter offset delay filter delay dispersion filter dispersion jitter filter jitter bias unicast/broadcast bias xleave interleave delay (see NTP Interleaved Modes: xleave.html) The bias variable is calculated when the first broadcast packet is re- ceived after the calibration volley. It represents the offset of the broadcast subgraph relative to the unicast subgraph. The xleave variable appears only for the interleaved symmetric and interleaved modes. It represents the internal queuing, buffering and transmission delays for the preceding packet. When the NTPv4 daemon is compiled with the OpenSSL software library, ad- ditional peer variables are displayed, including the following: Variable Description flags peer flags (see Autokey specification) host Autokey server name flags peer flags (see Autokey specification) signature OpenSSL digest/signature scheme initsequence initial key id initkey initial key index timestamp Autokey signature timestamp ident Autokey group name for this association Clock Variables The following clock variables appear in the clocklist billboard for each association with a reference clock. Not all variables are displayed in some configurations. Variable Description associd association id status clock status word: decode.html#clock device device description timecode ASCII time code string (specific to device) poll poll messages sent noreply no reply badformat bad format baddata bad date or time fudgetime1 fudge time 1 fudgetime2 fudge time 2 stratum driver stratum refid driver reference id flags driver flags OPTIONS -4, --ipv4 Force IPv4 name resolution. This option must not appear in com- bination with any of the following options: ipv6. Force resolution of following host names on the command line to the IPv4 namespace. -6, --ipv6 Force IPv6 name resolution. This option must not appear in com- bination with any of the following options: ipv4. Force resolution of following host names on the command line to the IPv6 namespace. -c cmd, --command=cmd run a command and exit. This option may appear an unlimited num- ber of times. The following argument is interpreted as an interactive format command and is added to the list of commands to be executed on the specified host(s). -d, --debug-level Increase debug verbosity level. This option may appear an unlim- ited number of times. -D number, --set-debug-level=number Set the debug verbosity level. This option may appear an unlim- ited number of times. This option takes an integer number as its argument. -i, --interactive Force ntpq to operate in interactive mode. This option must not appear in combination with any of the following options: command, peers. Force ntpq to operate in interactive mode. Prompts will be writ- ten to the standard output and commands read from the standard input. -n, --numeric numeric host addresses. Output all host addresses in dotted-quad numeric format rather than converting to the canonical host names. --old-rv Always output status line with readvar. By default, ntpq now suppresses the associd=... line that pre- cedes the output of readvar (alias rv) when a single variable is requested, such as ntpq -c "rv 0 offset". This option causes ntpq to include both lines of output for a single-variable read- var. Using an environment variable to preset this option in a script will enable both older and newer ntpq to behave identi- cally in this regard. -p, --peers Print a list of the peers. This option must not appear in combi- nation with any of the following options: interactive. Print a list of the peers known to the server as well as a sum- mary of their state. This is equivalent to the 'peers' interac- tive command. -r keyword, --refid=keyword Set default display type for S2+ refids. This option takes a keyword as its argument. The argument sets an enumeration value that can be tested by comparing them against the option value macro. The available keywords are: hash ipv4 or their numeric equivalent. The default keyword for this option is: ipv4 Set the default display format for S2+ refids. -w, --wide Display the full 'remote' value. Display the full value of the 'remote' value. If this requires more than 15 characters, display the full value, emit a newline, and continue the data display properly indented on the next line. -?, --help Display usage information and exit. -!, --more-help Pass the extended usage information through a pager. -> [cfgfile], --save-opts [=cfgfile] Save the option state to cfgfile. The default is the last con- figuration file listed in the OPTION PRESETS section, below. The command will exit after updating the config file. -< cfgfile, --load-opts=cfgfile, --no-load-opts Load options from cfgfile. The no-load-opts form will disable the loading of earlier config/rc/ini files. --no-load-opts is handled early, out of order. --version [{v|c|n}] Output version of program and exit. The default mode is `v', a simple version. The `c' mode will print copyright information and `n' will print the full copyright notice. OPTION PRESETS Any option that is not marked as not presettable may be preset by loading values from configuration ("RC" or ".INI") file(s) and values from envi- ronment variables named: NTPQ_<option-name> or NTPQ The environmental presets take precedence (are processed later than) the configuration files. The homerc files are "$HOME", and ".". If any of these are directories, then the file .ntprc is searched for within those directories. ENVIRONMENT See OPTION PRESETS for configuration environment variables. FILES See OPTION PRESETS for configuration files. EXIT STATUS One of the following exit values will be returned: 0 (EXIT_SUCCESS) Successful program execution. 1 (EXIT_FAILURE) The operation failed or the command syntax was not valid. 66 (EX_NOINPUT) A specified configuration file could not be loaded. 70 (EX_SOFTWARE) libopts had an internal operational error. Please report it to autogen-users@lists.sourceforge.net. Thank you. AUTHORS The University of Delaware and Network Time Foundation COPYRIGHT Copyright (C) 1992-2017 The University of Delaware and Network Time Foun- dation all rights reserved. This program is released under the terms of the NTP license, <http://ntp.org/license>. BUGS Please send bug reports to: http://bugs.ntp.org, bugs@ntp.org NOTES This manual page was AutoGen-erated from the ntpq option definitions. BSD August 14 2018 BSD
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | OPTION PRESETS | ENVIRONMENT | FILES | EXIT STATUS | AUTHORS | COPYRIGHT | BUGS | NOTES
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