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OPENSSL(1) OpenSSL OPENSSL(1) N openssl - OpenSSL command line tool S ooppeennssssll command [ command_opts ] [ command_args ] ooppeennssssll [ lliisstt--ssttaannddaarrdd--ccoommmmaannddss | lliisstt--mmeessssaaggee--ddiiggeesstt--ccoommmmaannddss | lliisstt-- cciipphheerr--ccoommmmaannddss ] ooppeennssssll nnoo--XXX [ arbitrary options ] D OpenSSL is a cryptography toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) network protocols and related cryptography standards required by them. The ooppeennssssll program is a command line tool for using the various cryp- tography functions of OpenSSL's ccrryyppttoo library from the shell. It can be used for o Creation of RSA, DH and DSA key parameters o Creation of X.509 certificates, CSRs and CRLs o Calculation of Message Digests o Encryption and Decryption with Ciphers o SSL/TLS Client and Server Tests o Handling of S/MIME signed or encrypted mail C The ooppeennssssll program provides a rich variety of commands (command in the SYNOPSIS above), each of which often has a wealth of options and argu- ments (command_opts and command_args in the SYNOPSIS). The pseudo-commands lliisstt--ssttaannddaarrdd--ccoommmmaannddss, lliisstt--mmeessssaaggee--ddiiggeesstt--ccoomm-- mmaannddss, and lliisstt--cciipphheerr--ccoommmmaannddss output a list (one entry per line) of the names of all standard commands, message digest commands, or cipher commands, respectively, that are available in the present ooppeennssssll util- ity. The pseudo-command nnoo--XXX tests whether a command of the specified name is available. If no command named XXX exists, it returns 0 (success) and prints nnoo--XXX; otherwise it returns 1 and prints XXX. In both cases, the output goes to ssttddoouutt and nothing is printed to ssttddeerrrr. Additional command line arguments are always ignored. Since for each cipher there is a command of the same name, this provides an easy way for shell scripts to test for the availability of ciphers in the ooppeennssssll program. (nnoo--XXX is not able to detect pseudo-commands such as qquuiitt, lliisstt--...--ccoommmmaannddss, or nnoo--XXX itself.) SSTTAANNDDAARRDD CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS aassnn11ppaarrssee Parse an ASN.1 sequence. ccaa Certificate Authority (CA) Management. cciipphheerrss Cipher Suite Description Determination. ccrrll Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Management. ccrrll22ppkkccss77 CRL to PKCS#7 Conversion. ddggsstt Message Digest Calculation. ddhh Diffie-Hellman Parameter Management. Obsoleted by ddhhppaarraamm. ddssaa DSA Data Management. ddssaappaarraamm DSA Parameter Generation. eenncc Encoding with Ciphers. eerrrrssttrr Error Number to Error String Conversion. ddhhppaarraamm Generation and Management of Diffie-Hellman Parameters. ggeennddhh Generation of Diffie-Hellman Parameters. Obsoleted by ddhhppaarraamm. ggeennddssaa Generation of DSA Parameters. ggeennrrssaa Generation of RSA Parameters. ooccsspp Online Certificate Status Protocol utility. ppaasssswwdd Generation of hashed passwords. ppkkccss1122 PKCS#12 Data Management. ppkkccss77 PKCS#7 Data Management. rraanndd Generate pseudo-random bytes. rreeqq X.509 Certificate Signing Request (CSR) Management. rrssaa RSA Data Management. rrssaauuttll RSA utility for signing, verification, encryption, and decryption. ss_cclliieenntt This implements a generic SSL/TLS client which can establish a transparent connection to a remote server speaking SSL/TLS. It's intended for testing purposes only and provides only rudimentary interface functionality but internally uses mostly all functionality of the OpenSSL ssssll library. ss_sseerrvveerr This implements a generic SSL/TLS server which accepts con- nections from remote clients speaking SSL/TLS. It's intended for testing purposes only and provides only rudimentary interface functionality but internally uses mostly all func- tionality of the OpenSSL ssssll library. It provides both an own command line oriented protocol for testing SSL functions and a simple HTTP response facility to emulate an SSL/TLS- aware webserver. ss_ttiimmee SSL Connection Timer. sseessss_iidd SSL Session Data Management. ssmmiimmee S/MIME mail processing. ssppeeeedd Algorithm Speed Measurement. vveerriiffyy X.509 Certificate Verification. vveerrssiioonn OpenSSL Version Information. xx550099 X.509 Certificate Data Management. MMEESSSSAAGGEE DDIIGGEESSTT CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS mmdd22 MD2 Digest mmdd55 MD5 Digest mmddcc22 MDC2 Digest rrmmdd116600 RMD-160 Digest sshhaa SHA Digest sshhaa11 SHA-1 Digest EENNCCOODDIINNGG AANNDD CCIIPPHHEERR CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS bbaassee6644 Base64 Encoding bbff bbff--ccbbcc bbff--ccffbb bbff--eeccbb bbff--ooffbb Blowfish Cipher ccaasstt ccaasstt--ccbbcc CAST Cipher ccaasstt55--ccbbcc ccaasstt55--ccffbb ccaasstt55--eeccbb ccaasstt55--ooffbb CAST5 Cipher ddeess ddeess--ccbbcc ddeess--ccffbb ddeess--eeccbb ddeess--eeddee ddeess--eeddee--ccbbcc ddeess--eeddee--ccffbb ddeess--eeddee--ooffbb ddeess--ooffbb DES Cipher ddeess33 ddeessxx ddeess--eeddee33 ddeess--eeddee33--ccbbcc ddeess--eeddee33--ccffbb ddeess--eeddee33--ooffbb Triple-DES Cipher iiddeeaa iiddeeaa--ccbbcc iiddeeaa--ccffbb iiddeeaa--eeccbb iiddeeaa--ooffbb IDEA Cipher rrcc22 rrcc22--ccbbcc rrcc22--ccffbb rrcc22--eeccbb rrcc22--ooffbb RC2 Cipher rrcc44 RC4 Cipher rrcc55 rrcc55--ccbbcc rrcc55--ccffbb rrcc55--eeccbb rrcc55--ooffbb RC5 Cipher P Several commands accept password arguments, typically using --ppaassssiinn and --ppaassssoouutt for input and output passwords respectively. These allow the password to be obtained from a variety of sources. Both of these options take a single argument whose format is described below. If no password argument is given and a password is required then the user is prompted to enter one: this will typically be read from the current terminal with echoing turned off. ppaassss::ppaasssswwoorrdd the actual password is ppaasssswwoorrdd. Since the password is visi- ble to utilities (like 'ps' under Unix) this form should only be used where security is not important. eennvv::vvaarr obtain the password from the environment variable vvaarr. Since the environment of other processes is visible on certain platforms (e.g. ps under certain Unix OSes) this option should be used with caution. ffiillee::ppaatthhnnaammee the first line of ppaatthhnnaammee is the password. If the same ppaatthh-- nnaammee argument is supplied to --ppaassssiinn and --ppaassssoouutt arguments then the first line will be used for the input password and the next line for the output password. ppaatthhnnaammee need not refer to a regular file: it could for example refer to a device or named pipe. ffdd::nnuummbbeerr read the password from the file descriptor nnuummbbeerr. This can be used to send the data via a pipe for example. ssttddiinn read the password from standard input. S asn1parse(1), ca(1), config(5), crl(1), crl2pkcs7(1), dgst(1), dhparam(1), dsa(1), dsaparam(1), enc(1), gendsa(1), genrsa(1), nseq(1), openssl(1), passwd(1), pkcs12(1), pkcs7(1), pkcs8(1), rand(1), req(1), rsa(1), rsautl(1), s_client(1), s_server(1), smime(1), spkac(1), ver- ify(1), version(1), x509(1), crypto(3), ssl(3) H The openssl(1) document appeared in OpenSSL 0.9.2. The lliisstt--XXX--ccoomm-- mmaannddss pseudo-commands were added in OpenSSL 0.9.3; the nnoo--XXX pseudo- commands were added in OpenSSL 0.9.5a. For notes on the availability of other commands, see their individual manual pages. 3rd Berkeley Distribution 0.9.7a OPENSSL(1)
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