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PR(1) FreeBSD General Commands Manual PR(1) NAME pr -- print files SYNOPSIS pr [+page] [-column] [-adFfmprt] [[-e] [char] [gap]] [-L locale] [-h header] [[-i] [char] [gap]] [-l lines] [-o offset] [[-s] [char]] [[-n] [char] [width]] [-w width] [-] [file ...] DESCRIPTION The pr utility is a printing and pagination filter for text files. When multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted, and written to standard output. By default, the input is separated into 66-line pages, each with o A 5-line header with the page number, date, time, and the pathname of the file. o A 5-line trailer consisting of blank lines. If standard output is associated with a terminal, diagnostic messages are suppressed until the pr utility has completed processing. When multiple column output is specified, text columns are of equal width. By default text columns are separated by at least one _blank_. Input lines that do not fit into a text column are truncated. Lines are not truncated under single column output. OPTIONS In the following option descriptions, column, lines, offset, page, and width are positive decimal integers and gap is a nonnegative decimal in- teger. +page Begin output at page number page of the formatted input. -column Produce output that is columns wide (default is 1) that is written vertically down each column in the order in which the text is re- ceived from the input file. The options -e and -i are assumed. This option should not be used with -m. When used with -t, the minimum number of lines is used to display the output. (To colum- nify and reshape text files more generally and without additional formatting, see the rs(1) utility.) -a Modify the effect of the -column option so that the columns are filled across the page in a round-robin order (e.g., when column is 2, the first input line heads column 1, the second heads column 2, the third is the second line in column 1, etc.). This option re- quires the use of the -column option. -d Produce output that is double spaced. An extra _newline_ character is output following every _newline_ found in the input. -e [char][gap] Expand each input _tab_ to the next greater column position speci- fied by the formula n*gap+1, where n is an integer > 0. If gap is zero or is omitted the default is 8. All _tab_ characters in the input are expanded into the appropriate number of _space_s. If any nondigit character, char, is specified, it is used as the input tab character. -F Use a _form-feed_ character for new pages, instead of the default behavior that uses a sequence of _newline_ characters. -f Same as -F but pause before beginning the first page if standard output is a terminal. -h header Use the string header to replace the file name in the header line. -i [char][gap] In output, replace multiple _space_s with _tab_s whenever two or more adjacent _space_s reach column positions gap+1, 2*gap+1, etc. If gap is zero or omitted, default _tab_ settings at every eighth column position is used. If any nondigit character, char, is spec- ified, it is used as the output _tab_ character. -L locale Use locale specified as argument instead of one found in environ- ment. Use "C" to reset locale to default. -l lines Override the 66 line default and reset the page length to lines. If lines is not greater than the sum of both the header and trailer depths (in lines), the pr utility suppresses output of both the header and trailer, as if the -t option were in effect. -m Merge the contents of multiple files. One line from each file specified by a file operand is written side by side into text col- umns of equal fixed widths, in terms of the number of column posi- tions. The number of text columns depends on the number of file operands successfully opened. The maximum number of files merged depends on page width and the per process open file limit. The op- tions -e and -i are assumed. -n [char][width] Provide width digit line numbering. The default for width, if not specified, is 5. The number occupies the first width column posi- tions of each text column or each line of -m output. If char (any nondigit character) is given, it is appended to the line number to separate it from whatever follows. The default for char is a _tab_. Line numbers longer than width columns are truncated. -o offset Each line of output is preceded by offset _spaces_s. If the -o op- tion is not specified, the default is zero. The space taken is in addition to the output line width. -p Pause before each page if the standard output is a terminal. pr will write an alert character to standard error and wait for a car- riage return to be read on the terminal. -r Write no diagnostic reports on failure to open a file. -s char Separate text columns by the single character char instead of by the appropriate number of _space_s (default for char is the _tab_ character). -t Print neither the five-line identifying header nor the five-line trailer usually supplied for each page. Quit printing after the last line of each file without spacing to the end of the page. -w width Set the width of the line to width column positions for multiple text-column output only. If the -w option is not specified and the -s option is not specified, the default width is 72. If the -w op- tion is not specified and the -s option is specified, the default width is 512. file A pathname of a file to be printed. If no file operands are speci- fied, or if a file operand is `-', the standard input is used. The standard input is used only if no file operands are specified, or if a file operand is `-'. The -s option does not allow the option letter to be separated from its argument, and the options -e, -i, and -n require that both arguments, if present, not be separated from the option letter. EXIT STATUS The pr utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs. DIAGNOSTICS If pr receives an interrupt while printing to a terminal, it flushes all accumulated error messages to the screen before terminating. Error messages are written to standard error during the printing process (if output is redirected) or after all successful file printing is com- plete (when printing to a terminal). SEE ALSO cat(1), more(1), rs(1) STANDARDS The pr utility is IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 ("POSIX.1") compatible. HISTORY A pr command appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX. BUGS The pr utility does not recognize multibyte characters. FreeBSD 13.0 July 3, 2004 FreeBSD 13.0
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | EXIT STATUS | DIAGNOSTICS | SEE ALSO | STANDARDS | HISTORY | BUGS
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