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RELEASE(7) BSD Miscellaneous Information Manual RELEASE(7) NAME release -- release building infrastructure DESCRIPTION FreeBSD provides a complete build environment suitable for users to make full releases of the FreeBSD operating system. All of the tools neces- sary to build a release are available from the CVS repository in src/release. A complete release can actually be built with only a single command, including the creation of ISO images suitable for burning to CD- ROM, installation floppies, and an FTP install directory. This command is aptly named "make release". Before attempting to build a release, the user is expected to be familiar with the contents of build(7), and should have experience upgrading sys- tems from source. The release build process requires that /usr/obj be populated with the output of a native "make buildworld" compiled from sources matching the currently running kernel. This is necessary so that the object files for a complete system can be installed into a clean chroot(8) environment. The release procedure also requires that the md(4) (memory disk) device driver be present in the kernel (either by be- ing compiled in or available as a module). This document does not cover source code management, quality assurance, or other aspects of the release engineering process. TARGETS The release makefile (src/release/Makefile) is fairly abstruse. Most de- velopers will only be concerned with the release target. release Uses "make installworld" to install a clean system into a chroot(8) environment on the file system. Checks out the specified version of the source code and then rebuilds the entire system in the clean environment with "make buildworld". The detailed steps that follow are then exe- cuted to package up the different distributions, build the installation floppy disks, build release documentation, and so on. This target must be built as root with the kern.securelevel sysctl set to -1 (the default). rerelease Assumes that the output of a release build has been manu- ally modified, and performs the minimal number of steps to rebuild the release using the intermediate output of the previous "make release". floppies Generate a new set of boot and fixit floppies. This will call the release.4, release.8, floppies.1, floppies.2, and floppies.3 targets to re-generate the floppy images of a previous "make release". This is most often used to build custom boot floppies. package-split Generates the portions of the disc 1 and disc 2 images re- lated to packages. It uses the list of desired packages from the src/release/scripts/package-split.py script to pull packages out of a package build provided by the ports team and organize them appropriately. The resulting di- rectory can then be passed to "make release" via the CD_PACKAGE_TREE variable to populate the ISO images built by the iso.1 target with the correct package related bits. Targets called by "make release": release.1 Cleans out the ${CHROOTDIR}/R directory and uses mtree(8) to build the directory hierarchy for the sys- tem. release.2 Installs the system into the distribution directories. release.3 Makes and installs the GENERIC kernel as well as any other kernels listed in KERNELS. release.4 Uses crunchgen(1) to build "crunched" binaries to live on the installation floppies. release.5 Builds synthetic distributions, and cleans up the previ- ously built distribution trees. release.6 Creates tarballs of the assembled distribution trees. release.7 Makes source distributions. release.8 Creates the MFS root file systems. floppies.1 Creates the boot and kernel floppies. floppies.2 Creates the fixit floppy. floppies.3 Finalizes the ${CHROOTDIR}/R/ftp/stage/floppies staging directory. ftp.1 Sets up a suitable area for FTP installations in ${CHROOTDIR}/R/ftp. cdrom.1 Create the layout for the live file system CD-ROM image in ${CHROOTDIR}/R/cdrom. cdrom.2 Create the layout for the first and second CD-ROM im- ages. cdrom.3 Create the layout for the boot-only CD-ROM image and the boot-only UFS miniroot image. iso.1 Builds ISO images (installation and "live" file system) from the CD-ROM release area (disabled by default, see MAKE_ISOS below). fetch-distfiles Fetches distfiles needed during the release build that are not already in RELEASEDISTFILES. doc.1 Builds all of the necessary tools to turn the FreeBSD Documentation Project source documents (SGML, XML) into HTML and text documents that will accompany the release. Also, builds and installs the actual user documentation. This includes the Handbook, FAQ, articles, and so on. doc.2 Builds the release documentation. This includes the re- lease notes, hardware guide, and installation instruc- tions. ENVIRONMENT Variables that must be specified: CHROOTDIR The directory to be used as the chroot(8) environment for the entire release build. This file system should have at least 3.2 gigabytes of free space on the i386 architecture. CVSROOT The location of the FreeBSD CVS repository. This path name is in reference to the real system root, not the root of the chroot(8) directory tree. Optional variables: BUILDNAME The name of the release to be built. This is used to set the RELEASE value in sys/conf/newvers.sh, which affects the output of uname(1). If not set, a name with the timestamp and the "-SNAP" suffix will be generated. CD_PACKAGE_TREE A directory containing extra bits for the first and second CD-ROM images. The extra files for the first disc should be in ${CD_PACKAGE_TREE}/disc1 and the extra files for the second disc should be in ${CD_PACKAGE_TREE}/disc2. Typically, this vari- able will be set to the output directory of an ear- lier invocation of the package-split target. CVSARGS Additional arguments for cvs(1) that come before the subcommands such as "-qR". CVSCMDARGS Additional arguments for cvs(1) checkout and update commands. For example, setting this variable to "-D '01/01/2002 00:00:00 GMT'" for "make release" or "make rerelease" will ask cvs(1) to check out or update sources as of 00:00:00 GMT, January 1 2002, respectively. DOC_LANG The list of languages and encodings the SGML-based documentation should be built for. If not set, the documentation is built for all available languages. DOCRELEASETAG The CVS tag to use when checking out the documenta- tion tree. Usually, the head of the documentation tree is used by default. If RELEASETAG specifies a release tag, then the associated release version is used as the default instead. EXTLOCALDIR The directory that will be copied to ${CHROOTDIR}/usr/local. EXTSRCDIR The directory specified by this variable will be copied into ${CHROOTDIR}/usr/src instead of that directory being populated by a CVS checkout. For "rerelease", this will NOT be copied; cvs update will be used instead. EXTDOCDIR The directory specified by this variable will be copied into ${CHROOTDIR}/usr/doc. For "rerelease", this will NOT be copied again. EXTPORTSDIR The directory specified by this variable will be copied into ${CHROOTDIR}/usr/ports. For "rerelease", this will do NOTHING. KERNEL_FLAGS The contents of this variable are passed to make(1) when building kernels during the release build. For example, setting this variable to "-j 4" will instruct make(1) to execute up to four processes at a time. KERNELS Specifies a list of additional kernel configura- tions to compile and install into the "base" dis- tribution. Each kernel is installed into /boot/_config_ so that it can be booted from the loader via "boot <config>". LOCAL_PATCHES Patch files against /usr/src that will be applied in the chroot(8) environment before the release build begins. PATCH_FLAGS Arguments for the patch(1) command used to apply LOCAL_PATCHES patch file. LOCAL_SCRIPT A script that will be run in the chroot(8) environ- ment immediately after any local patches are ap- plied. MAKE_ISOS If defined, bootable ISO CD-ROM images will be cre- ated from the contents of the CD-ROM stage direc- tory. NOCDROM If defined, the CD-ROM stage directories will not be created. NODOC If defined, the SGML-based documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project will not be built. However, the "doc" distribution will still be cre- ated with the minimal documentation set provided in src/share/doc. NO_FLOPPIES If defined, no boot and fixit floppy disk images will be created (for those platforms supporting them). NOPORTS If defined, the Ports Collection will be omitted from the release. PORTSRELEASETAG The CVS tag to use when checking out the ports tree. Usually, the head of the ports tree is used by default. If RELEASETAG specifies a release tag, then the associated release version is used as the default instead. NO_PREFETCHDISTFILES If this variable is defined, then distfiles needed during the release build will not be downloaded prior to entering the chroot(8) environment. Note that if NO_PREFETCHDISTFILES is not set, the fetch- ing is done after any distfiles are obtained via RELEASEDISTFILES. RELEASEDISTFILES The directory where the distribution files for ports required by the release build can be found. This may save a significant amount of time over downloading the distfiles through a slow link. RELEASENOUPDATE If this variable is defined for "make rerelease", the source code will not be updated with "cvs update". RELEASETAG The CVS tag corresponding to the release that is to be built. If undefined, the release will be built from the HEAD of the CVS tree (a "-CURRENT snapshot"). SEPARATE_LIVEFS Store the live file system on its own CD-ROM image rather than placing it on the first disc. TARGET_ARCH The target machine processor architecture. This is analogous to the "uname -p" output. Set this to cross-build for a different architecture. TARGET The target hardware platform. This is analogous to the "uname -m" output. This is necessary to cross- build some target architectures. For example, cross-building for PC98 machines requires TARGET_ARCH=i386 and TARGET=pc98. WORLDDIR The directory where "make buildworld" was run; de- faults to ${.CURDIR}/.. which usually points to /usr/src. WORLD_FLAGS The contents of this variable are passed to make(1) when building world during the release build. For example, setting this variable to "-j 4" will in- struct make(1) to execute up to four processes at a time. FILES /usr/doc/Makefile /usr/doc/share/mk/doc.project.mk /usr/ports/Mk/bsd.port.mk /usr/ports/Mk/bsd.sites.mk /usr/share/examples/etc/make.conf /usr/src/Makefile /usr/src/Makefile.inc1 /usr/src/release/Makefile /usr/src/release/${arch}/boot_crunch.conf /usr/src/release/${arch}/fixit_crunch.conf EXAMPLES The following sequence of commands was used to build the FreeBSD 4.9 re- lease: cd /usr cvs co -rRELENG_4_9_0_RELEASE src cd src make buildworld cd release make release CHROOTDIR=/local3/release BUILDNAME=4.9-RELEASE \ CVSROOT=/host/cvs/usr/home/ncvs RELEASETAG=RELENG_4_9_0_RELEASE After running these commands, a complete system suitable for FTP or CD- ROM distribution is available in the /local3/release/R directory. The following sequence of commands can be used to build a "-CURRENT snapshot" of a locally modified source tree: cd /usr/src cvs diff -u > /path/to/local.patch make buildworld cd release make release CHROOTDIR=/local3/release BUILDNAME=6.0-CURRENT \ CVSROOT=/host/cvs/usr/home/ncvs LOCAL_PATCHES=/path/to/local.patch SEE ALSO cc(1), crunchgen(1), cvs(1), install(1), make(1), patch(1), uname(1), md(4), make.conf(5), build(7), ports(7), chroot(8), mtree(8), sysctl(8) FreeBSD Release Engineering, http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/releng/. FreeBSD Release Engineering of Third Party Packages, http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/releng-packages/. FreeBSD Developers' Handbook, http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/developers-handbook/. HISTORY FreeBSD 1.x used a manual checklist, compiled by Rod Grimes, to produce a release. Apart from being incomplete, the list put a lot of specific de- mands on available file systems and was quite torturous to execute. As part of the FreeBSD 2.0 release engineering effort, significant effort was spent getting src/release/Makefile into a shape where it could at least automate most of the tediousness of building a release in a sterile environment. With its almost 1000 revisions spread over multiple branches, the cvs(1) log of src/release/Makefile contains a vivid historical record of some of the hardships release engineers go through. AUTHORS src/release/Makefile was originally written by Rod Grimes, Jordan Hubbard, and Poul-Henning Kamp. This manual page was written by Murray Stokely <murray@FreeBSD.org>. BUGS Infrastructure changes are occasionally made to the FreeBSD documentation set in such a way that release builds on security branches can fail. To work around this, release builds can be made to checkout the documenta- tion from the last fully supported release of FreeBSD. For example: make release RELEASETAG=RELENG_4_9 DOCRELEASETAG=RELEASE_4_9_0 ... BSD November 12, 2006 BSD
NAME | DESCRIPTION | TARGETS | ENVIRONMENT | FILES | EXAMPLES | SEE ALSO | HISTORY | AUTHORS | BUGS
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