Skip site navigation (1)Skip section navigation (2)

FreeBSD Manual Pages

  
 
  

home | help
CPUSET(2)		      System Calls Manual		     CPUSET(2)

NAME
       cpuset, cpuset_getid, cpuset_setid -- manage CPU	affinity sets

LIBRARY
       Standard	C Library (libc, -lc)

SYNOPSIS
       #include	<sys/param.h>
       #include	<sys/cpuset.h>

       int
       cpuset(cpusetid_t *setid);

       int
       cpuset_setid(cpuwhich_t which, id_t id, cpusetid_t setid);

       int
       cpuset_getid(cpulevel_t	  level,    cpuwhich_t	  which,    id_t   id,
	   cpusetid_t *setid);

DESCRIPTION
       The cpuset family of system calls allow applications to control sets of
       processors and memory domains and assign	processes and threads to these
       sets.  Processor	sets contain lists of CPUs and	domains	 that  members
       may  run	 on  and exist only as long as some process is a member	of the
       set.  All processes in the system have an assigned  set.	  The  default
       set for all processes in	the system is the set numbered 1.  Threads be-
       long  to	the same set as	the process which contains them, however, they
       may further restrict their set with the anonymous  per-thread  mask  to
       bind to a specific CPU or subset	of CPUs	and memory domains.

       Sets are	referenced by a	number of type cpuset_id_t.  Each thread has a
       root  set,  an  assigned	set, and an anonymous mask.  Only the root and
       assigned	sets are numbered.  The	root set is the	set of	all  CPUs  and
       memory  domains	available in the system	or in the system partition the
       thread is running in.  The assigned set is a subset of the root set and
       is administratively assignable on a per-process basis.  Many  processes
       and threads may be members of a numbered	set.

       The  anonymous  set  is a further thread-specific refinement on the as-
       signed set.  It is intended that	administrators	will  manipulate  num-
       bered sets using	cpuset(1) while	application developers will manipulate
       anonymous sets using cpuset_setaffinity(2) and cpuset_setdomain(2).

       To select the correct set a value of type cpulevel_t is used.  The fol-
       lowing values for level are supported:

	     CPU_LEVEL_ROOT	 Root set
	     CPU_LEVEL_CPUSET	 Assigned set
	     CPU_LEVEL_WHICH	 Set specified by which	argument

       The which argument determines how the value of id is interpreted	and is
       of type cpuwhich_t.  The	which argument may have	the following values:

	     CPU_WHICH_TID	      id is lwpid_t (thread id)
	     CPU_WHICH_PID	      id is pid_t (process id)
	     CPU_WHICH_TIDPID	      id is either a thread or process id
	     CPU_WHICH_JAIL	      id is jid	(jail id)
	     CPU_WHICH_CPUSET	      id is a cpusetid_t (cpuset id)
	     CPU_WHICH_IRQ	      id is an irq number
	     CPU_WHICH_INTRHANDLER    id  is  an  irq  number for an interrupt
				      handler
	     CPU_WHICH_ITHREAD	      id is an irq number for an ithread
	     CPU_WHICH_DOMAIN	      id is a NUMA domain

       An id of	'-1' may be used with a	which of CPU_WHICH_TID,	CPU_WHICH_PID,
       CPU_WHICH_TIDPID, or  CPU_WHICH_CPUSET  to  mean	 the  current  thread,
       process,	 or  current  thread's cpuset.	All cpuset syscalls allow this
       usage.

       A level argument	of CPU_LEVEL_WHICH  combined  with  a  which  argument
       other than CPU_WHICH_CPUSET refers to the anonymous mask	of the object.
       This  mask  does	 not  have  an	id  and	 may  only be manipulated with
       cpuset_setaffinity(2).

       cpuset()	creates	a new set containing the same CPUs as the root set  of
       the  current  process and stores	its id in the space provided by	setid.
       On successful completion	the calling process joins the set and  is  the
       only member.  Children inherit this set after a call to fork(2).

       cpuset_setid()  attempts	 to  set the id	of the object specified	by the
       which argument.	Currently CPU_WHICH_PID	is the only  acceptable	 value
       for  which as threads do	not have an id distinct	from their process and
       the API does not	permit changing	the id of an existing set.  Upon  suc-
       cessful	completion  all	 of  the threads in the	target process will be
       running on CPUs permitted by the	set.

       cpuset_getid() retrieves	a set id from the object  indicated  by	 which
       and  stores  it in the space pointed to by setid.  The retrieved	id may
       be that of either the root or assigned set depending on	the  value  of
       level.	level  should be CPU_LEVEL_CPUSET or CPU_LEVEL_ROOT to get the
       set id from the process or thread specified by the id argument.	Speci-
       fying CPU_LEVEL_WHICH with a process or	thread	is  unsupported	 since
       this references the unnumbered anonymous	mask.

       The  actual  contents of	the sets may be	retrieved or manipulated using
       cpuset_getaffinity(2), cpuset_setaffinity(2), cpuset_getdomain(2),  and
       cpuset_setdomain(2).   The  cpuset(9)  macros may be used to manipulate
       masks of	type cpuset_t get and set using	those APIs.  See those	manual
       pages for more detail.

RETURN VALUES
       Upon  successful	 completion,  the  value  0 is returned; otherwise the
       value -1	is returned and	the global variable errno is set  to  indicate
       the error.

EXAMPLES
       In this example,	a CPU set mask is configured to	limit execution	to the
       first  CPU  using  CPU_ZERO(9) and CPU_SET(9), members of the cpuset(9)
       programming interface.  Then, the mask is applied to  a	new  anonymous
       CPU     set    associated    with    the	   current    process	 using
       cpuset_setaffinity(2).  This mask will be used by the current  process,
       and inherited by	any new	child processes.

	     #include <sys/param.h>
	     #include <sys/cpuset.h>

	     #include <sysexits.h>

	     cpuset_t cpuset_mask;

	     /*	Initialize a CPU mask and enable CPU 0.	*/
	     CPU_ZERO(&cpuset_mask);
	     CPU_SET(0,	&cpuset_mask);

	     /*	Set affinity for the CPU set for the current process. */
	     if	(cpuset_setaffinity(CPU_LEVEL_WHICH, CPU_WHICH_PID, -1,
		 sizeof(cpuset_mask), &cpuset_mask) < 0)
		     err(EX_OSERR, "cpuset_setaffinity");

       In  the next example, a named CPU set is	created	containing the current
       process,	and its	affinity similarly configured.	The resulting CPU  set
       ID  can then be used for	further	external management of the affinity of
       the set.

	     #include <sys/param.h>
	     #include <sys/cpuset.h>

	     #include <sysexits.h>

	     cpusetid_t	cpuset_id;
	     cpuset_t cpuset_mask;

	     /*	Create new cpuset for the current process. */
	     if	(cpuset(&cpuset_id) < 0)
		     err(EX_OSERR, "cpuset");

	     /*	Initialize a CPU mask and enable CPU 0.	*/
	     CPU_ZERO(&cpuset_mask);
	     CPU_SET(0,	&cpuset_mask);

	     /*	Set affinity for the CPU set for the current process. */
	     if	(cpuset_setaffinity(CPU_LEVEL_SET, CPU_WHICH_CPUSET, cpuset_id,
		 sizeof(cpuset_mask), &cpuset_mask) < 0)
		     err(EX_OSERR, "cpuset_setaffinity");

ERRORS
       The following error codes may be	set in errno:

       [EINVAL]		  The which or level argument was not a	valid value.

       [EDEADLK]	  The cpuset_setid() call would	leave a	thread without
			  a valid CPU to run on	because	the set	does not over-
			  lap with the thread's	anonymous mask.

       [EFAULT]		  The  setid  pointer  passed  to  cpuset_getid()   or
			  cpuset() was invalid.

       [ESRCH]		  The  object  specified by the	id and which arguments
			  could	not be found.

       [EPERM]		  The calling process did not have the credentials re-
			  quired to complete the operation.

       [ENFILE]		  There	was no free cpusetid_t for allocation.

SEE ALSO
       cpuset(1),	  cpuset_getaffinity(2),	  cpuset_getdomain(2),
       cpuset_setaffinity(2),	cpuset_setdomain(2),   pthread_affinity_np(3),
       pthread_attr_affinity_np(3), CPU_SET(9),	CPU_ZERO(9), cpuset(9)

HISTORY
       The cpuset family of system calls first appeared	in FreeBSD 7.1.

AUTHORS
       Jeffrey Roberson	<jeff@FreeBSD.org>

FreeBSD	13.2		       January 29, 2023			     CPUSET(2)

NAME | LIBRARY | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUES | EXAMPLES | ERRORS | SEE ALSO | HISTORY | AUTHORS

Want to link to this manual page? Use this URL:
<https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cpuset&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+14.2-RELEASE+and+Ports>

home | help