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UNLINK(2)		      System Calls Manual		     UNLINK(2)

NAME
       unlink, unlinkat, funlinkat -- remove directory entry

LIBRARY
       Standard	C Library (libc, -lc)

SYNOPSIS
       #include	<unistd.h>

       int
       unlink(const char *path);

       int
       unlinkat(int dfd, const char *path, int flag);

       int
       funlinkat(int dfd, const	char *path, int	fd, int	flag);

DESCRIPTION
       The unlink() system call	removes	the link named by path from its	direc-
       tory  and decrements the	link count of the file which was referenced by
       the link.  If that decrement reduces the	link  count  of	 the  file  to
       zero,  and  no process has the file open, then all resources associated
       with the	file are reclaimed.  If	one or more process have the file open
       when the	last link is removed, the link is removed, but the removal  of
       the  file  is delayed until all references to it	have been closed.  The
       path argument may not be	a directory.

       The unlinkat() system call is equivalent	to unlink() or rmdir()	except
       in the case where path specifies	a relative path.  In this case the di-
       rectory entry to	be removed is determined relative to the directory as-
       sociated	 with  the  file descriptor dfd	instead	of the current working
       directory.

       The values for flag are constructed by a	bitwise-inclusive OR of	 flags
       from the	following list,	defined	in <fcntl.h>:

       AT_REMOVEDIR
	       Remove the directory entry specified by fd and path as a	direc-
	       tory, not a normal file.

       AT_RESOLVE_BENEATH
	       Only  walk  paths  below	 the directory specified by the	fd de-
	       scriptor.  See the description of the O_RESOLVE_BENEATH flag in
	       the open(2) manual page.

       If unlinkat() is	passed the special value AT_FDCWD in the fd parameter,
       the current working directory is	used and the behavior is identical  to
       a call to unlink	or rmdir respectively, depending on whether or not the
       AT_REMOVEDIR bit	is set in flag.

       The  funlinkat()	 system	 call  can be used to unlink an	already-opened
       file, unless that file has been replaced	since it was  opened.	It  is
       equivalent  to unlinkat() in the	case where path	is already open	as the
       file descriptor fd.  Otherwise, the path	will not be removed and	an er-
       ror will	be returned.  The fd can be set	the  FD_NONE.	In  that  case
       funlinkat() behaves exactly like	unlinkat().

RETURN VALUES
       The  unlink() function returns the value	0 if successful; otherwise the
       value -1	is returned and	the global variable errno is set  to  indicate
       the error.

ERRORS
       The unlink() succeeds unless:

       [ENOTDIR]	  A component of the path prefix is not	a directory.

       [EISDIR]		  The named file is a directory.

       [ENAMETOOLONG]	  A  component	of a pathname exceeded 255 characters,
			  or an	entire path name exceeded 1023 characters.

       [ENOENT]		  The named file does not exist.

       [EACCES]		  Search permission is denied for a component  of  the
			  path prefix.

       [EACCES]		  Write	permission is denied on	the directory contain-
			  ing the link to be removed.

       [ELOOP]		  Too  many  symbolic links were encountered in	trans-
			  lating the pathname.

       [EPERM]		  The named file is a directory.

       [EPERM]		  The named file has its immutable, undeletable	or ap-
			  pend-only flag set, see the chflags(2)  manual  page
			  for more information.

       [EPERM]		  The  parent  directory of the	named file has its im-
			  mutable or append-only flag set.

       [EPERM]		  The directory	containing the file is marked  sticky,
			  and neither the containing directory nor the file to
			  be removed are owned by the effective	user ID.

       [EIO]		  An  I/O  error occurred while	deleting the directory
			  entry	or deallocating	the inode.

       [EINTEGRITY]	  Corrupted data was detected while reading  from  the
			  file system.

       [EROFS]		  The named file resides on a read-only	file system.

       [EFAULT]		  The path argument points outside the process's allo-
			  cated	address	space.

       [ENOSPC]		  On  file  systems  supporting	copy-on-write or snap-
			  shots, there was not enough  free  space  to	record
			  metadata for the delete operation of the file.

       In  addition to the errors returned by the unlink(), the	unlinkat() may
       fail if:

       [EBADF]		  The path argument does not specify an	absolute  path
			  and  the fd argument is neither AT_FDCWD nor a valid
			  file descriptor open for searching.

       [ENOTEMPTY]	  The flag parameter has the AT_REMOVEDIR bit set  and
			  the  path  argument names a directory	that is	not an
			  empty	directory, or there are	hard links to the  di-
			  rectory other	than dot or a single entry in dot-dot.

       [ENOTDIR]	  The  flag parameter has the AT_REMOVEDIR bit set and
			  path does not	name a directory.

       [EINVAL]		  The value of the flag	argument is not	valid.

       [ENOTDIR]	  The path argument is not an absolute path and	fd  is
			  neither  AT_FDCWD  nor  a file descriptor associated
			  with a directory.

       [ENOTCAPABLE]	  path is an absolute path, or contained a ".."	compo-
			  nent leading to a directory outside of the directory
			  hierarchy specified by fd, and the process is	in ca-
			  pability mode	or  the	 AT_RESOLVE_BENEATH  flag  was
			  specified.

       In  addition to the errors returned by unlinkat(), funlinkat() may fail
       if:

       [EDEADLK]	  The file descriptor is not associated	with the path.

SEE ALSO
       chflags(2), close(2), link(2), rmdir(2),	symlink(7)

STANDARDS
       The unlinkat() system call follows The Open Group Extended  API	Set  2
       specification.

HISTORY
       The  unlink() function appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX.	The unlinkat()
       system call appeared in FreeBSD 8.0.  The funlinkat() system  call  ap-
       peared in FreeBSD 13.0.

       The  unlink() system call traditionally allows the super-user to	unlink
       directories which can damage the	file system integrity.	This implemen-
       tation no longer	permits	it.

FreeBSD	13.2		       February	23, 2021		     UNLINK(2)

NAME | LIBRARY | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUES | ERRORS | SEE ALSO | STANDARDS | HISTORY

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