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BUILTIN(1)		    General Commands Manual		    BUILTIN(1)

NAME
       builtin,	 !,  %,	 .,  :,	 @,  [,	{, }, alias, alloc, bg,	bind, bindkey,
       break, breaksw, builtins, case, cd, chdir, command, complete, continue,
       default,	dirs, do, done,	echo, echotc, elif, else, end,	endif,	endsw,
       esac,  eval,  exec,  exit,  export,  false,  fc,	fg, filetest, fi, for,
       foreach,	getopts, glob, goto, hash, hashstat, history, hup, if,	jobid,
       jobs,  kill,  limit,  local,  log,  login,  logout,  ls-F, nice,	nohup,
       notify, onintr, popd, printenv, printf,	pushd,	pwd,  read,  readonly,
       rehash,	repeat,	 return,  sched,  set,	setenv,	 settc,	setty, setvar,
       shift, source, stop, suspend, switch, telltc, test, then, time,	times,
       trap,  true, type, ulimit, umask, unalias, uncomplete, unhash, unlimit,
       unset, unsetenv,	until, wait, where, which,  while  --  shell  built-in
       commands

SYNOPSIS
       See  the	 built-in  command description in the appropriate shell	manual
       page.

DESCRIPTION
       Shell builtin commands are commands that	can  be	 executed  within  the
       running shell's process.	 Note that, in the case	of csh(1) builtin com-
       mands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any	compo-
       nent of a pipeline except the last.

       If  a  command  specified  to the shell contains	a slash	`/', the shell
       will not	execute	a builtin command, even	if the last component  of  the
       specified  command  matches the name of a builtin command.  Thus, while
       specifying "echo" causes	a builtin command to be	executed under	shells
       that  support  the  echo	 builtin  command,  specifying	"/bin/echo" or
       "./echo"	does not.

       While some builtin commands may exist in	more than one shell, their op-
       eration may be different	under each shell which supports	 them.	 Below
       is a table which	lists shell builtin commands, the standard shells that
       support them and	whether	they exist as standalone utilities.

       Only  builtin commands for the csh(1) and sh(1) shells are listed here.
       Consult a shell's manual	page for details on the	operation its  builtin
       commands.   Beware  that	the sh(1) manual page, at least, calls some of
       these commands "built-in	commands" and some of them  "reserved  words".
       Users  of  other	 shells	 may  need to consult an info(1) page or other
       sources of documentation.

       Commands	marked "No**" under External do	exist externally, but are  im-
       plemented as scripts using a builtin command of the same	name.

	     Command	   External    csh(1)	 sh(1)
	     !		   No	       No	 Yes
	     %		   No	       Yes	 No
	     .		   No	       No	 Yes
	     :		   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     @		   No	       Yes	 No
	     [		   Yes	       No	 Yes
	     {		   No	       No	 Yes
	     }		   No	       No	 Yes
	     alias	   No**	       Yes	 Yes
	     alloc	   No	       Yes	 No
	     bg		   No**	       Yes	 Yes
	     bind	   No	       No	 Yes
	     bindkey	   No	       Yes	 No
	     break	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     breaksw	   No	       Yes	 No
	     builtin	   No	       No	 Yes
	     builtins	   No	       Yes	 No
	     case	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     cd		   No**	       Yes	 Yes
	     chdir	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     command	   No**	       No	 Yes
	     complete	   No	       Yes	 No
	     continue	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     default	   No	       Yes	 No
	     dirs	   No	       Yes	 No
	     do		   No	       No	 Yes
	     done	   No	       No	 Yes
	     echo	   Yes	       Yes	 Yes
	     echotc	   No	       Yes	 No
	     elif	   No	       No	 Yes
	     else	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     end	   No	       Yes	 No
	     endif	   No	       Yes	 No
	     endsw	   No	       Yes	 No
	     esac	   No	       No	 Yes
	     eval	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     exec	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     exit	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     export	   No	       No	 Yes
	     false	   Yes	       No	 Yes
	     fc		   No**	       No	 Yes
	     fg		   No**	       Yes	 Yes
	     filetest	   No	       Yes	 No
	     fi		   No	       No	 Yes
	     for	   No	       No	 Yes
	     foreach	   No	       Yes	 No
	     getopts	   No**	       No	 Yes
	     glob	   No	       Yes	 No
	     goto	   No	       Yes	 No
	     hash	   No**	       No	 Yes
	     hashstat	   No	       Yes	 No
	     history	   No	       Yes	 No
	     hup	   No	       Yes	 No
	     if		   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     jobid	   No	       No	 Yes
	     jobs	   No**	       Yes	 Yes
	     kill	   Yes	       Yes	 Yes
	     limit	   No	       Yes	 No
	     local	   No	       No	 Yes
	     log	   No	       Yes	 No
	     login	   Yes	       Yes	 No
	     logout	   No	       Yes	 No
	     ls-F	   No	       Yes	 No
	     nice	   Yes	       Yes	 No
	     nohup	   Yes	       Yes	 No
	     notify	   No	       Yes	 No
	     onintr	   No	       Yes	 No
	     popd	   No	       Yes	 No
	     printenv	   Yes	       Yes	 No
	     printf	   Yes	       No	 Yes
	     pushd	   No	       Yes	 No
	     pwd	   Yes	       No	 Yes
	     read	   No**	       No	 Yes
	     readonly	   No	       No	 Yes
	     rehash	   No	       Yes	 No
	     repeat	   No	       Yes	 No
	     return	   No	       No	 Yes
	     sched	   No	       Yes	 No
	     set	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     setenv	   No	       Yes	 No
	     settc	   No	       Yes	 No
	     setty	   No	       Yes	 No
	     setvar	   No	       No	 Yes
	     shift	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     source	   No	       Yes	 No
	     stop	   No	       Yes	 No
	     suspend	   No	       Yes	 No
	     switch	   No	       Yes	 No
	     telltc	   No	       Yes	 No
	     test	   Yes	       No	 Yes
	     then	   No	       No	 Yes
	     time	   Yes	       Yes	 No
	     times	   No	       No	 Yes
	     trap	   No	       No	 Yes
	     true	   Yes	       No	 Yes
	     type	   No**	       No	 Yes
	     ulimit	   No**	       No	 Yes
	     umask	   No**	       Yes	 Yes
	     unalias	   No**	       Yes	 Yes
	     uncomplete	   No	       Yes	 No
	     unhash	   No	       Yes	 No
	     unlimit	   No	       Yes	 No
	     unset	   No	       Yes	 Yes
	     unsetenv	   No	       Yes	 No
	     until	   No	       No	 Yes
	     wait	   No**	       Yes	 Yes
	     where	   No	       Yes	 No
	     which	   Yes	       Yes	 No
	     while	   No	       Yes	 Yes

SEE ALSO
       csh(1),	 echo(1),   false(1),  info(1),	 kill(1),  login(1),  nice(1),
       nohup(1), printenv(1),  printf(1),  pwd(1),  sh(1),  test(1),  time(1),
       true(1),	which(1)

HISTORY
       The builtin manual page first appeared in FreeBSD 3.4.

AUTHORS
       This manual page	was written by Sheldon Hearn <sheldonh@FreeBSD.org>.

FreeBSD	13.2		       December	21, 2010		    BUILTIN(1)

NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | SEE ALSO | HISTORY | AUTHORS

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